Commencement 1999
Society of Scholars
1969-98
J. Carl Barrett
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
Dr. Barrett's research is centered on the relationship between
aging and cancer, the genes involved in cellular senescence and
apoptosis, the role of BRCA-1 as a tumor suppressor gene, and
the function of KAI-1, a newly cloned prostate cancer metastasis
suppressor gene. A chairperson, organizer, or keynote speaker at
numerous professional conferences and symposia, he is the
scientific director of the National Institute of Environmental
Health Sciences, associate editor of Cancer Research, and
editor-in-chief of Molecular Carcinogenesis.
Harvey W. Bender Jr.
Nashville, Tennessee
Dr. Bender's skills as an outstanding pediatric cardiac surgeon
earned him wide recognition during his 11 years at Hopkins and
his present tenure at Vanderbilt University, where he is
professor of surgery and chairman of the Department of
Cardiothoracic Surgery. He is a noted expert on all pediatric
cardiac anomalies, and he is particularly well-known for his
surgical skills in managing complete transposition of the great
vessels.
Tibor Borsos
Chevy Chase, Maryland
Dr. Borsos' career can be divided into three major areas:
research related to the role of Rous sarcoma virus in the
pathogenesis of cancer; a lifelong interest in complement and
complement-mediated lysis; and pioneering investigations on the
immunology of tumors, studies that led to the first clinical
trial of BCG in the treatment of bladder cancer. He spent most
of his career at the National Cancer Institute. At the time of
his retirement in 1988, he was chief of the Laboratory of
Immuno-biology. Until 1994, he served as research professor of
pathology at the Uniformed Services University of the Health
Sciences.
Lonnie S. Burnett
Nashville, Tennessee
Dr. Burnett is well-recognized for his contributions in
gynecological oncology. He is beloved at Johns Hopkins as a major
force in the School of Medicine's alumni organization and
especially in launching the Howard Kelly Society for the
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. As a gynecologic
oncologist, he has published extensively on the use of
chemotherapeutic agents for ovarian cancer and is the co-author
of the 11th edition of the textbook Novak's Gynecology, which
originated at Johns Hopkins. Dr. Burnett has received numerous
awards, including the H. Graham Wait Jr. Memorial President's
Award in recognition of outstanding research and education
contributions in the field of gynecology/ obstetrics.
Lanny Garth Close
New York, New York
Dr. Close is a leader in academic otolaryngology-head and neck
surgery. After serving on the faculty of the University of Texas
Medical School, in Houston, and the Southwestern Medical School,
in Dallas, he joined the faculty at Columbia University, where
he is the Howard Smith Professor and chairman of the Department
of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. He serves on the
editorial review boards of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,
The Laryngoscope, and Cancer.
Claes H. Dohlman
Boston, Massachusetts Dr. Dohlman's major contributions to
medicine have been in the field of diseases, physiology, and
biochemistry of the cornea and in experimental pathology of the
cornea. He developed and was the director of the corneal service
of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, at which many of the
current experts in the field received their training. The
recipient of numerous awards, including the Friedenwald,
Bjerrum, and Proctor lectureships, he is currently adjunct senior
scientist at the Eye Research Institute, in Weston,
Massachusetts.
Ari Gafni
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Dr. Gafni has made major contributions to the understanding of
aging. He not only has studied protein changes in the elderly
and the comparison of proteins in old and young cells, but also
he and his colleagues developed many of the specialized
spectroscopic techniques used in these studies. Currently a
professor in the Department of Biological Chemistry at the
University of Michigan, he has held a U.S. State Department
training fellowship and the Glasberg Career Development Chair in
Physical Biochemistry. Recipient of the Kellogg Presidential
Initiative Award, he also is a fellow of the Gerontological
Society of America.
Andre Goffeau
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
Dr. Goffeau has had a very productive career, highlighted by a
number of important discoveries and accomplishments in the field
of genetics. Among his often pioneering work, he led the
worldwide team that recently completed the entire sequence of the
yeast genome. A major contributor to biotechnology programs in
Europe and an organizer of several scientific conferences, he is
a Professor Extraordinaire at the Universit E9 Catholique de
Louvain in Belgium.
Jack B.L. Howell
Southampton, United Kingdom
Dr. Howell has made outstanding contributions leading to a
greater understanding of the control of breathing in health and
disease and the mechanism of breathlessness. His clinical work
was dominated by the management of asthma, chronic bronchitis,
and emphysema. Currently, he is a professor emeritus of medicine
at the University of Southampton, chairman of the Southampton
and Southwest Hampshire Health Authority, and chairman of the
Board of Science and Education of the British Medical
Association.
Trevor Martin Penning
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Dr. Penning's research on the enzymology of steroid hormones has
made him one of the premier investigators in the world in
understanding the mechanism, structure, and specificity of the
family of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. He has not only achieved
scientific distinction as a world leader in the field of steroid
biochemistry but also commands the respect of his colleagues as
an excellent teacher and administrator. A professor of
pharmacology, obstetrics and gynecology, and biochemistry and
biophysics, he is the associate dean for postdoctoral research
training at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.
Bertram Pitt
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Dr. Pitt has spent his career investigating coronary circulation.
With colleagues, he developed many methods that utilized
radioactive substances for such studies, pioneering the
application of the thallium scan for identification of ischemic
areas in the myocardium. As professor of medicine and director
of cardiology at the University of Michigan, he developed a
strong research and training program. His accomplishments have
been honored by membership in the American Physiological Society,
the American Society of Clinical Investigation, and the
Association of American Physicians.
Christine E. Seidman
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Seidman has made major contributions to the molecular
approaches to understanding cardiac pathophysiology and the
genetic approaches to understanding inherited human disorders.
Work in her lab established the first genetic abnormality to
explain hereditary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. A professor of
medicine at the Harvard Medical School, she was elected to Alpha
Omega Alpha and received the American Heart Association Clinician
Scientist and Established Investigatorship awards.
Klaus V. Toyka
Wurzburg, Germany
The seminal research that Dr. Toyka carried out while a
postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins, has shaped his career
investigating the immunological basis of neurological disorders,
including peripheral neuropathies, multiple sclerosis, and
inflammatory myopathies. Recently involved in studies of
genetically determined disorders, he brought the "Hopkins model"
of research and clinical care to Germany when he assumed the
chair of the Department of Neurology at the University of
Wurzburg in Germany.
David C. U'Prichard
King of Prussia, Pennsylvania
Dr. U'Prichard's career has focused on pharmacology. He served as
the senior vice president and scientific director for Nova
Pharmaceuticals Corporation before being recruited by British
Zeneca Group PLC, where he became the international research
director in 1994. In 1997, he became president of research and
development at SmithKline Beecham. In this position, he is
responsible for the daily operations of the company's
laboratories and nearly 5,000 preclinical development activities
worldwide. He serves as an honorary professor at Glasgow
University Institute of Biomedical & Life Sciences and holds
adjunct teaching posts at the University of Pennsylvania School
of Medicine and Northwestern University School of Medicine.
Po-Ya Chang
Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
Dr. Chang was among the first to recognize the public health
problems emerging in Taiwan due to rapid socioeconomic and
demographic change. She initiated research in occupational
health, focusing on workers' exposure to lead and has been a
pioneer advocate for women's health. She has served as mayor of
Chiayi City, population 300,000, and in 1990 was appointed to
her present position as director-general of the newly created
National Department of Health for Taiwan.
Mahlon R. DeLong
Atlanta, Georgia
Dr. DeLong's research in neurology has changed the way we think
about and treat two major illnesses: Alzheimer's disease and
Parkinson's. He was among the team that recognized the depletion
of cholinergic neurons in the nucleus basalis in Alzheimer's
patients and has led the profession to reconsider how the basal
ganglia function in relation to the brain stem. A
clinician-investigator par excellence, he is currently professor
and chairman of Neurology at Emory University School of
Medicine.
James K. Edzwald
Amherst, Massachusetts
Dr. Edzwald's research and teaching in environmental engineering,
particularly in the area of water supply and water quality, have
earned him wide recognition. Currently professor and head of the
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the
University of Massachusetts, he has held positions at several
universities, including Johns Hopkins, during his distinguished
career. His work has garnered him professional prizes, as well
as many consulting assignments; he recently served on an EPA
panel concerning the New York City water supply.
Timothy S. Harrison
Hershey, Pennsylvania
A skilled surgeon and researcher, Dr. Harrison has made
internationally recognized contributions in the field of
endocrine surgery and has expanded our understanding of
endocrine function, dysfunction, and neoplasms. He completed his
residency in the Department of Surgery at the Johns Hopkins
School of Medicine in 1956; after a distinguished career as both
physician and mentor, he is now professor emeritus of surgery and
physiology at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center of the
Pennsylvania State University.
David McKinnon Lawrence
Oakland, California
A graduate of the General Preventive Medicine Residency Program
at the School of Hygiene and Public Health, Dr. Lawrence has
developed innovative health-care delivery systems to meet the
challenges of large populations. He was one of the first to
advocate the use of physicians' assistants and is committed to
preventive care. As chairman and chief executive officer, he has
led the Kaiser Foundation Health Plan to consistently high-
quality assurance evaluations.
Allen Sollie Lichter
Ann Arbor, Michigan
During his tenure as chairman, Dr. Lichter has led the Department
of Radiation Oncology at the University of Michigan Medical
School to become one of the premier departments in the country.
He developed clinical trials to improve breast cancer treatment
and has pioneered the use of three-dimensional methods for tumor
diagnosis and treatment. Last year the New England Journal of
Medicine honored his achievements by inviting him to author the
journal's "Medical Progress" monograph on "Recent Advances in
Radiation Oncology."
Gianni Marone
Naples, Italy
Dr. Marone is an internationally renowned figure in the world of
clinical immunology and allergy and the recognized leader of the
discipline in Italy. As a professor of medicine and the director
of the Section of Clinical Immunology and Allergy at the
University of Naples Federico II, he has trained a generation of
young investigators in the field. Worldwide understanding of the
pathogenesis of allergic disease has been enriched by his
outstanding research and publications. Currently president of
the Italian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, he has
served as consultant to the Ministry of Health in Rome and to
the World Health Organization. He also has received numerous
awards from the Italian government and European medical
societies.
Lechaim Naggan
Beer Sheva, Israel
Dr. Naggan combines the talents of researcher and administrator.
A physician epidemiologist, he has investigated clinical problems
such as congenital malformation and viral hepatitis, but he has
also studied health services, successfully evaluating, for
example, the health needs of Bedouins, a group unaccustomed to
Western models of health care. He has served as Israeli deputy
surgeon general, and is currently vice president and dean for
research and development at Ben-Gurion University of the
Negev.
Jennifer R. Niebyl
Iowa City, Iowa
Dr. Niebyl's commitment to research, education, and clinical
practice in obstetrics and gynecology is reflected in the
variety of her accomplishments. Currently professor and head of
medicine in that department at University of Iowa Hospitals and
Clinics, she also co-edits two professional journals. In the
classroom she appears not only as a fine teacher, but also as
co-editor of a widely used obstetrics textbook. Her research
continues to generate new articles and book chapters. She is a
respected leader in obstetrics and gynecology today. Shin-Ichiro
Nishimura Sapporo, Japan Dr. Nishimura's work in polymer
chemistry and glyco- biology holds promise for new treatments of
diseases such as influenza and AIDS; the work has produced a
flurry of publications-more than 100 in nine years-and
remarkable professional recognition. Since taking his Ph.D. in
1987, he has risen to become professor and director of the
Division of Biological Science in the graduate school at
Hokkaido University, as well as an editor of scientific journals
and a member of the advisory boards of several scientific
associations.
Robert G. Robinson
Iowa City, Iowa
By identifying the depressive disorder associated with stroke,
Dr. Robinson has made a crucial contribution not only to
neurology and psychiatry, but also to the treatment and
rehabilitation of patients who suffer from stroke. His work has
also helped us understand the cerebral mechanism behind affective
disorder and its role in the depression and mania symptomatic of
that disorder. These contributions have made Dr. Robinson a
leader in American psychiatry.
Kenji Sunagawa
Osaka, Japan
From the time Dr. Sunagawa began his postdoctoral work at the
School of Medicine in 1978, he has been breaking new ground in
cardiovascular research. Beginning with work he did here, which
helped define the dynamic relationship between the left
ventricle and its artery, he and his research team have recently
developed crucial insights into cardiovascular control systems.
A book he co-authored has become the standard reference for
understanding the pressure-volume approach to ventricular
function.
Noriko Takahashi
Handa-City, Japan
Dr. Takahashi has made two important contributions in the field
of glycobiology, both of which help scientists analyze the
structure of carbohydrates in glycoconjugates. She discovered
glycoamidase, an enzyme which has become an indispensable tool
for studying glycoproteins, and she developed new chromatic
methods for carbohydrate analysis. Dr. Takahashi is also
distinguished in the history of Japan: she was the first woman
graduate of Nagoya University (1951) and the first woman in Japan
to obtain an engineering degree.
John E. Wennberg
Hanover, New Hampshire
In studying the way physicians work, Dr. Wennberg invented the
concept of "small area variation," which demonstrated for the
first time, and in a scientifically rigorous way, that equally
capable physicians in adjacent geographic areas practice medicine
very differently. He developed the analytical methods needed to
form the core of a new field: practice variation. Studies in this
field point the way toward better clinical guidance for
physicians and more consistent communication with patients about
treatment options.
Anne B. Young
Boston, Massachusetts
From the molecule to the clinic, Dr. Young has taken up major
questions in the field of neurology. She produced a body of
research which elucidates the role of excitatory neurotransmitter
glutamate in brain function, and has been a key clinical
investigator of Huntington's disease, helping identify the
genetic abnormality that appears to cause it. At Harvard, Dr.
Young is considered an extraordinary chair of neurology, having
guided both research and clinical activities to new levels of
achievement.
Dr. Hugh F. Biller
New York, New York
Dr. Biller is internationally known as a leader in head and neck
surgery. He pioneered and developed surgical procedures focused
on the preservation of vocal function while successfully treating
malignant disease involving the larynx. He served as chairman of
the Department of Otolaryn- gology at Mount Sinai Medical Center
in New York City until 1995. He is past president of the
American Society for Head and Neck Surgery.
Dr. Peter G.J. Burney
London, England
Dr. Burney's position as chairman of the Respiratory Disease
Committee of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and
Lung Disease places him in the front ranks of epidemiologists
worldwide. He has played a major role in the education of public
health physicians and is a widely acknowledged expert and leader
in the fight against chronic respiratory diseases. Dr. Burney
has served on many national and international working groups,
committees, and councils dealing with asthma and related
diseases. He is also chair of the Department of Public Health
Medicine at United Medical and Dental Schools of Guy's and St.
Thomas Hospitals in London.
Dr. Roberto Casalbuoni
Fllorence, Italy
Dr. Casalbuoni is a leading researcher in the study of subatomic
particles. He is chair of the Department of Physics at the
University of Florence in Italy and has been published on a wide
variety of topics related to the physics of elementary
particles. Under his leadership, he and other theoretical
physicists in Florence have developed a method of searching for
new physical phenomena by analyzing data obtained when electrons
and positrons collide at high energy levels.
Dr. C. Richard Conti
Gainesville, Florida
A leader in academic cardiology, Dr. Conti is a graduate of Johns
Hopkins Medical School, the Osler Residency Program, and a
Division of Cardiology fellow. He has had a distinguished career
in research and training as director of cardiology at the
University of Florida School of Medicine. His national status as
a trailblazer in cardiology was recognized by his election to
president of the American College of Cardiology in 1988.
Harold Gerard Donnelly
West Lafayette, Indiana
Dr. Donnelly is one of the world's pioneers in the basic linear
equations associated with a Riemannian manifold, the heat
equation and the wave equation. These equations have been
studied for well over a century by physicists, engineers, and
mathematicians looking for answers in acoustics, diffusion of
heat, and the spectral analysis of light from a star. Dr.
Donnelly has made breakthroughs in the analysis of the eigen-
functions, introducing entirely new thoughts in the subject.
Dr. Thomas P. Duffy
New Haven, Connecticut
Dr. Duffy is one of the nation's leading academic hematologists
and a renowned practitioner of the Oslerian school of
patient-centered clinical care, teaching, and scholarship. His
teaching and written scholarship have focused on the ways that
doctors can learn directly from the patient to gain the insight
needed both to understand the patient's problems and to offer
the most appropriate intervention. This patient- centered
approach has also led Dr. Duffy to write works that have
enlightened the medical community's thinking about the many
ethical issues that arise in the care of patients. Dr. Duffy has
inspired a generation of students, house officers, and fellows
to aspire to the highest ideals of the medical profession.
Dr. Linda S. Gottfredson
Newark, Delaware
Dr. Gottfredson, a professor of the Department of Educational
Studies at the University of Delaware, is nationally known for
her penetrating researches on vocational choice, the measurement
of individual differences, and the bases of occupational
stratification. Her 1981 treatise, "Circumscription and
Compromise: A Developmental Theory of Occupational Aspirations,"
became an instant classic and stimulus for new research for the
light it shed on how and why individuals enter the careers they
do.
Dr. Lazar J. Greenfield
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Dr. Greenfield, chair of the Department of Surgery at University
of Michigan, is clearly one of the leaders in American surgery.
He was one of the last young cardiovascular surgeons trained at
Hopkins by the famous Dr. Alfred Blalock. He has made many
significant contributions in the field of cardiovascular
surgery, perhaps most notably the development of the Greenfield
vena caval filter. Prior to his position at Michigan, he was
chairman of the Department of Surgery at the Medical College of
Virginia for 13 years.
Dr. William H. Hartmann
Tampa, Florida
Dr. Hartmann is internationally recognized for his academic
contributions in research, education, and service in pathology.
As editor-in-chief of the Atlas of Tumor Pathology from 1975 to
1987, he established this series of volumes as the primary
reference source throughout the world for the classification of
tumors. Moreover, his own research, especially in thyroid and
breast cancer, has had significant impact in the characterization
of these tumors. As chair of pathology at Vander-bilt University
from 1973 to 1987, he established his department as one of the
leaders in the United States. He has served as executive vice
president of the American Board of Pathology.
Dr. Fazle Hussain
Houston, Texas
Dr. Hussain is one of the world's leading experts in experimental
fluid mechanics. He is particularly known for his extensive
research and contributions in turbulent shear flows, jets, vortex
dynamics, and related experimental methods. He has served as
editor of several prominent journals and is a fellow of the
American Society of Mechanical Engineering and the American
Physical Society.
Dr. Kim Mo-Im
Seoul, Korea
Dr. Kim is the recipient of numerous national and international
awards for her contributions to the field of nursing. She was
elected to the Korean National Assembly from 1981 to 1985 and
was instrumental in formulating legislation that enhanced the
education and participation of nurses in health care in Korea.
Internationally, Dr. Kim has served with the World Health
Organization as a member of expert panels and advisory groups on
nursing. Since 1994, she has been secretary-general of the Global
Network of WHO Collaborating Centers for International Nursing
and Midwifery Development.
Dr. Alexander H. Leighton
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Dr. Leighton is a pre-eminent American psychiatric epidemiologist
and is internationally known for documenting community aspects of
psychiatry. He initiated pioneering community studies in North
America aimed at ascertaining the prevalence of mental illness
in a normal population. His work led to numerous outstanding
publications, including 15 books.
Dr. George L. Nemhauser
Atlanta, Georgia
Dr. Nemhauser is world-renowned in the field of mathematical
operations research, particularly in the theory, advanced
computational development, and applications of optimization. He
served as president of the Mathematical Programming Society and
the Operations Research Society of America. He has published
widely in such diverse areas as antenna design, line balancing,
capital budgeting, train scheduling, political dis-tricting,
plant location and production planning.
Dr. David B. Thomas
Seattle, Washington
Dr. Thomas is a distinguished cancer epidemiologist and head of
one of the leading programs in cancer epidemiology in the world.
His research has focused on the risks of hormones and breast
cancer, an issue of international importance because of the
widespread use of hormones in oral contraceptives and for
post-menopausal replacement therapy. Dr. Thomas has made broad
contributions to our understanding of the causes of cancer in
his role as director of the Cancer Surveillance System of
western Washington, an innovative cancer registry that has been
used for research and public health monitoring.
Dr. Lawrence L. Weed
Underhill, Vermont
Dr. Weed is known throughout the world as the originator of the
problem-oriented medical record. His system has revolutionized
the way medical information is recorded, stored, and
transmitted, and has provided the foundation for the
computerized medical record. His experience has spanned the
spectrum from basic biomedical science at Yale to medical
education in a community hospital in Bangor, Maine. He is
currently professor emeritus at the University of Vermont, where
he has been since 1964.
Dr. Gabriel Alvarez
Madrid, Spain
Dr. Alvarez, professor in the Department of Theoretical Physics
at the Universidad Complutense, is one of the brightest young
scientists in Spain. In addition to contributions in quantum
chemistry, mathematical physics and electron paramagnetic
resonance, he has established a reputation in computer
programming with his work on optical character recognition and
the Spanish implementation of the NeXT operating system.
Dr. Frank C. Arnett, Jr.
Houston, Texas
Dr. Arnett is internationally recognized as a leader in the field
of immunogenetics. His research of autoantibody responses in
various rheumatic diseases has played a significant role in
identifying immune response alleles in human chromosomes. Dr.
Arnett is director of the Division of Rheumatology and a
professor of internal medicine at the University of
Texas-Houston Health Science Center.
Dr. Subhash Chandra Basu
Notre Dame, Indiana
Dr. Basu has pioneered study of the biosynthesis of complex
carbohydrates called gangliosides. These compounds accumulate in
large quantity in certain diseases, such as Tay-Sachs', and are
also involved in intercellular communication. The pathway of
synthesis of the gangliosides, developed largely by Dr. Basu, is
of major interest to researchers. He is chairman of the
Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology Program and a
professor of chemistry and biochemistry at the University of
Notre Dame.
Dr. Nicolaie D. Cristescu
Gainesville, Florida
Dr. Cristescu is a leading researcher in the fields of dynamic
plasticity, rock mechanics, and metal forming. His 1967 book,
Dynamic Plasticity, based on extensive theoretical analyses,
helped established his international reputation. Dr. Cristescu
served as president of the University of Bucharest from 1990 to
1992, and is a graduate research professor in the Department of
Aerospace Engineering, Mechanics, and Engineering Science at the
University of Florida.
Dr. Robert H. Fletcher
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Fletcher, professor of ambulatory care and prevention at the
Harvard Medical School and Harvard Community Health Plan, is
internationally recognized for his contributions to primary care.
From 1990 to 1993, he served as editor of the Annals of Internal
Medicine, shaping the editorial policy during a time of rapid
changes in medicine and primary care. Dr. Fletcher is the former
president of the Society of General Internal Medicine.
Dr. Ruth Gallily
Jerusalem, Israel
Dr. Gallily, professor of immunology at The Hebrew University -
Hadassah Medical School Jerusalem and The Lauten-berg Center of
General and Tumor Immunology, has extensively studied the role
of macrophages, cells that help protect against infection. She
developed an antimacrophage serum, which showed the critical
role of macrophages in inflammation, transplantation immunity,
and autoimmunity. Dr. Gallily documented the interaction of
antibody and macrophage in promoting the toxicity and
destructive nature of cells.
Dr. Mark Granovetter
Evanston, Illinois
Dr. Granovetter, an esteemed sociologist, has inspired fellow
researchers with his scholarly work and compelling reasoning. His
book, Getting a Job, is a classic in the field of social
stratification, and his 1985 article, "Economic Action and
Social Structure: The Problem on Embeddedness," reinvigorated
economic sociology. Dr. Granovetter is director of the Program
in Business Institutions within the Department of Sociology at
Northwestern University.
Dr. Bevra H. Hahn
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Hahn-an outstanding researcher, clinician, and teacher-has
made contributions to understanding the origins and development
of a form of the skin disease lupus and to improving the
treatment of patients with rheumatic diseases. She is chief of
the Division of Rheumatology and a professor of medicine in the
Department of Medicine at the University of California at Los
Angeles School of Medicine.
Dr. Peter S. Harper
Cardiff, Wales
Dr. Harper is a renowned researcher of myotonic dystrophy,
Huntington's chorea, and other hereditary neuromuscular diseases.
He has applied the science of genetics to the delivery of
effective and compassionate health care for birth defects and
hereditary disorders. Dr. Harper is professor of medical
genetics at the University of Wales College of Medicine, and
consultant physician and medical geneticist at the University
Hospital of Wales.
Dr. Charles R. Hatcher, Jr.
Atlanta, Georgia
Dr. Hatcher has had a distinguished career at Emory University.
He established and developed the nationally renowned open heart
surgery program at the Emory University School of Medicine,
serving as professor of surgery and chief of cardiothoracic
surgery. In 1976, he became the director of the Emory Clinic, and
since 1984 has been the vice president for health affairs and
the director of the Robert W. Woodruff Health Sciences Center.
Dr. Harrison Latta
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Latta is internationally recognized as a pathologist and
academician. He is an authority on the kidney and a pioneer
investigator of the structure of a small, intertwined mass of
capillaries called glomerulus. His interest in electron
microscopy led to the discovery of the glass knife technique for
cutting ultrathin sections, a major contribution in the field.
Dr. Latta is professor emeritus of pathology at the University
of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine.
Dr. Marie Clare McCormick
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. McCormick is an acclaimed researcher and policy analyst in
maternal and child health services. Her interests are
epidemiology of infant mortality and low birth weight,
measurement of and factors associated with child health status,
and evaluation of maternal and child health services. Dr.
McCormick is professor and chair of the Department of Maternal
and Child Health at the Harvard School of Public Health and
professor of pediatrics at the Harvard Medical School.
Dr. Abraham M.Y. Nomura
Honolulu, Hawaii
Dr. Nomura, a researcher in cancer epidemiology, has focused on
the relationship of diet and cancer, and on related
methodological issues. He has studied the interaction of genetic
factors and behavioral lifestyle patterns that Hawaii represents
in its admixture of races and people. Dr. Nomura, director of
the Japan-Hawaii Cancer Study at Kuakini Medical Center, is
associate editor of the American Journal of Epidemiology and
Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
Dr. Stephen J. Peroutka
Menlo Park, California
Dr. Peroutka, a molecular neuroscientist and neurologist, has
made significant contributions with direct clinical impact. He
was the first researcher to clarify the subtypes of receptors
for the neurotransmitter serotonin, explaining the actions of
anti-migraine and anti-nausea drugs. He is president and founder
of Spectra Biomedical Inc., where genomic techniques are used to
identify the causes and treatment of headache and psychiatric
diseases.
Dr. Eijiro Satoyoshi
Tokyo, Japan
Dr. Satoyoshi is a distinguished clinician and investigator in
the field of neurology. He conceived, developed and directed the
Japanese National Institute of Neurosciences, which has been
consolidated as the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry.
As president emeritus of this government institute, he continues
to be involved in world-class research in a variety of areas of
neuroscience.
Dr. Hideyasu Aoyama
Okayama City, Japan
Dr. Aoyama is a pioneer in the field of occupational health and
safety in Japan. He is chairman of the Department of Hygiene and
Preventive Medicine at the Okayama University Medical School,
the largest department of hygiene in Japan. Dr. Aoyama set up a
fellowship training program for foreign physicians to train in
Japan, and has been instrumental in developing the foundation
for the first schools of public health in Japan.
Dr. William J. Catalona
St. Louis, Missouri
Dr. Catalona is a surgeon and one of the most respected urologic
oncologists in the nation. He revolutionized the management of
prostate cancer, making major contributions on the use of
prostate specific antigen (PSA) for diagnosis. Before his
findings were published, it was widely believed that PSA lacked
sufficient specificity for this purpose.
Dr. Joseph T. Coyle
Belmont, Massachusetts
Dr. Coyle became a world leader in psychopharmacology while on
the faculty of Hopkins, where he was chief of Child Psychiatry.
He left Hopkins to become the first head of the Consolidated
Department of Psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. He
eventually made many contributions to the understanding of the
mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease.
Dr. Ugo Fisch
Zurich, Switzerland
Dr. Fisch is a world-renowned neuro-otologist and skull base
surgeon who has made numerous contributions to the basic science
and clinical practice of otology. His refinements of certain
surgical approaches became universally used.
Dr. Juan Martin Flavier
Manila, Philippines
Dr. Flavier, secretary of health for the Philippines, has worked
to improve the health and welfare of millions of Filipinos living
in rural areas. Through his immunization program, more than 1.5
million children have been immunized, and 85 percent of Filipino
children younger than 5 have been immunized against polio,
measles, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus.
Dr. Suzanne Wright Fletcher
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Fletcher, a professor of ambulatory care and prevention at
Harvard Medical School, is a leading scholar in preventive
medicine. She is former editor of the Annals of Internal
Medicine, the premier journal in its field, and the Journal of
General Internal Medicine. Dr. Fletcher was elected to the
National Academy of Science's Institute of Medicine in 1987.
Dr. Judith G. Hall
Vancouver, British Columbia
Dr. Hall is chairwoman of the Department of Pediatrics at the
University of British Columbia in Vancouver. She is a leader in
the area of genetic syndromes and birth defects. Dr. Hall defined
and named the disorder known as thrombocytopenia with absent
radius, or TAR, in which children are born without the radius
bone in the forearm. She has classified many forms of
arthrogryposis, a type of birth defect resulting in stiff,
unbendable joints in the arms and legs. Her work also has been
instrumental in describing uniparental disomy, in which children
inherit only the genes from one parent.
Dr. Timothy J. Hallman
Berkeley, California
Dr. Hallman is a leading physicist studying the properties of
nuclear matter at very high densities. He developed an apparatus
to find electron-positron pairs emitted from collisions of very
heavy nuclei. His work was a forerunner of studies at Brookhaven
National Laboratory.
Dr. Guillermina Jasso
New York, New York
Dr. Jasso has had a distinguished career as a special assistant
to the director of the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization
Service. Subsequently, she became research director of the U.S.
Select Commission on Immigration and Refugee Policy. She is a
specialist in mathematical sociology and in theories of
distributive justice.
Dr. Willis C. Maddrey
Dallas, Texas
Dr. Maddrey, whose research interest is in various areas of liver
disease, has made significant contributions related to chronic
hepatitis and alcohol-induced liver disease. He has been honored
for excellence in teaching and has served as president of the
American College of Physicians. He was one of the founders of the
American Liver Foundation and recently was elected a fellow of
the Royal College of Physicians in London.
Dr. Dinakar Ramakrishnan
Pasadena, California
Dr. Ramakrishnan, a professor of mathematics at the California
Institute of Technology, has made contributions to the general
theory of Zeta functions. Of particular importance is his work
on the zeta functions associated with modular surfaces and
linear groups of symmetrics. He was appointed full professor
eight years after he earned his Ph.D.
Dr. Felix Noah Rutledge*
Houston, Texas
Dr. Rutledge, a professor of gynecologic oncology at the
University of Texas, was among the first to use culdoscopy as a
gynecologic diagnostic tool and to recognize the pathologic
features of atypical endometrial hyperplasia, which has
subsequently been found to be a precursor of endometrial
cancer.
Dr. John Anton Waldhausen
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Dr. Waldhausen has played a critical role in the development and
growth of the Pennsylvania State University's Medical Center in
Hershey. He has been chairman of the College of Medicine's
Surgery Department since 1970 and has practiced cardiac surgery,
with a special interest in pediatric cardiac surgery.
Dr. James Watt*
Dr. Watt was a retired assistant surgeon general for the U.S.
Public Health Service. He founded the American Board of
Preventive Medicine and served as chairman of the World Health
Organization's executive committee. His research focused on
tropical and infectious diseases. He encouraged international
efforts to eradicate smallpox and control cholera.
Dr. Romesh C. Batra
Rolla, Missouri
Dr. Batra's research has embraced the areas of fluid mechanics,
elasticity, viscoelasticity, penetration mechanics, and adiabatic
shear banding. For six consecutive years, he was honored by the
University of Missouri with a Faculty Excellence Award in
recognition of his superior performance in research, teaching,
and service.
Dr. Myron F. Goodman
Los Angeles, California A recognized authority
on the biochemical basis of mutations, Dr. Goodman has developed
a unique research program that has yielded original insights
into the natural causes of errors in DNA replication. His models
of error correction and prevention have provided a theoretical
basis for an understanding of the molecular basis of genetic
disease.
Dr. Morley D. Hollenberg
Calgary, Alberta, Canada
A leading figure in the field of peptide hormone research, Dr.
Hollenberg's innovative and critical investigations of epidermal
growth factor (urogastrone) and insulin have significantly
advanced understanding of hormone- receptor interactions.
Dr. Edward Watson Hook
Charlottesville, Virginia
Dr. Hook's studies of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and
treatment of bacterial infections have advanced knowledge of the
clinical manifestations of endocarditis and the mechanisms by
which salmonella develop antibiotic resistance. His tenure as
director of the Department of Medicine at the University of
Virginia is among the longest on record in the United States.
Dr. Thomas S. Inui
Boston, Massachusetts
A leading example of the academic physician-scholar, Dr. Inui has
been devoted to the application of the principles of community
medicine in his everyday clinical and scholarly work. Among the
issues with which he has been most concerned are the
effectiveness of health services, patient-physician
communication, and preventive care in clinical practice.
Dr. Martin Hume Johnson
Cambridge, England
An outstanding teacher, writer, and experimentalist, Dr. Johnson
has made major contributions to the understanding of early
mammalian development, including that of humans. His research
approach to a rational study of early human development had
important practical consequences for in vitro fertilization.
Dr. Baruch A. Kipnis
Haifa, Israel
Combining theoretical studies of land use and metropolitan
development with studies of rural settlement and industrial
concentration, Dr. Kipnis has made major contributions to
research on spatial aspects of human settlements. He is founder
and head of the Haifa and Galilee Research Institute, which is
conducting research on geographic aspects of northern Israel and
adjacent regions.
Dr. Edward R. Laws, Jr.
Charlottesville, Virginia
An expert in the management of pituitary tumors and gliomas, Dr.
Laws' research has contributed significantly in the areas of
neurooncology, histochemistry, cytochemistry, and experimental
biology of brain tumors.
Dr. Gavril W. Pasternak
New York, New York
As one of the leading opiate basic researchers in the country,
Dr. Pasternak's contributions have involved differentiating
subtypes of opiate receptors that are differentially affected by
drugs, leading to identification of agents that can provide
analgesia with a lower incidence of side effects.
Dr. Timothy J. Pedley
Leeds, England
A leading authority in physiological fluid mechanics, Dr. Pedley
has made numerous contributions to the dynamics of unsteady blood
flow by bringing analytical and numerical techniques in fluid
mechanics to bear on various physiological processes. His work
has clarified many aspects of blood flow separation, instability
and bifurcation.
Dr. Bernard Robaire
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
With research interests spanning basic studies of reproductive
toxicology and fertility regulation, Dr. Robaire has made
significant discoveries in the areas of regulation of the
structure and function of the mammalian epididymis, the effects
of toxic agents on fertility, and the regulation of the
hypothalamo-pituitary- testicular axis in mammals.
Dr. Robert J. Ruben
New York, New York A pioneer in the f
ield of research on the development of the auditory system, Dr.
Ruben is noted for ground-breaking studies on the organ culture
of the mammalian inner ear and for important clinical
contributions to the understanding of human communication as it
relates to both hearing and speech.
Dr. George A. Silver
New Haven, Connecticut
As a leading figure in maternal and child health in the United
States, Dr. Silver has served at virtually all levels of the
health care system. He has been the source of provocative and
stimulating ideas, questioning the basic tenets of the health
care delivery system and providing innovative suggestions for new
forms of organization and finance.
Dr. Jean Starobinski
Geneva, Switzerland
One of the most prominent scholars in the field of French
studies, Dr. Starobinski's books and essays on the literature
and intellectual history of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries
have earned him great stature and influence in the fields of
French studies, literary criticism, and psychoanalytic
criticism.
Dr. Thomas Earl Starzl
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
A pre-eminent clinician-scientist, Dr. Starzl has made major
contributions in kidney transplantation and was a pioneer in
liver transplantation. He was also a pioneer in cluster
transplants, the transplanting of several organs simultaneously
into a patient.
Dr. Juzer M. Vasi
Bombay, India
An internationally recognized expert in the growth of silicon
dioxide and in concomitant defect states that limit or determine
device performance, Dr. Vasi has made major contributions to the
field of microelectronics, including an understanding of electric
breakdown of submicron thin films and solution of major problems
in the breakdown and instability of insulators.
Dr. Marvin B. Becker
Ann Arbor, Michigan
A distinguished historian, Dr. Becker has made outstanding
contributions to Italian Renaissance history and, through the
application of anthropological insights and methods, to the
theory and methodology of history in general. In his seminal
volumes entitled Florence in Transition, he depicted broad
economic, social, and political structures and processes in early
Renaissance Florence.
Dr. Anthony J. Bron
Oxford, England
Dr. Bron is an acknowledged world expert on corneal dystrophies
and infections, cataract morphogenesis and pathogenesis, and
other ocular diseases. He is only the second full professor of
ophthalmology in Oxford University's long history. His work was
recently recognized by a prize from the Alcon Research
Institute, one of the highest international honors in
investigative ophthalmology.
Dr. Lincoln C. Chen
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Dr. Chen has published numerous papers on his work in Bangladesh
with the Ford Foundation that have added fundamental knowledge
about the epidemiology and control of diarrheal diseases and
about the interrelationships among malnutrition, morbidity, and
mortality. A worldwide search led to his appointment as the
first Taro Takemi Professor of International Health at Harvard
University.
Dr. Mary Allen Engle
New York, New York
Dr. Engle's research at Cornell University and New York Hospital
has contributed richly to the field of pediatric cardiology, with
special application to the selection of children for cardiac
surgery and follow-up after surgery. She holds the Stavros S.
Niarchos Professorship of Pediatric Cardiology at Cornell
University Medical College. In 1991, she received the
institution's Maurice R. Greenberg Distinguished Service
Award.
Dr. Melvin H. Epstein
Providence, Rhode Island
While on the neurosurgical faculty at The Johns Hopkins Hospital,
Dr. Epstein carried out laboratory studies that have done much to
increase the body of knowledge of the secretory process of human
spinal fluid. His work delineating the second messenger of
spinal fluid production in the choroid plexus is a classic paper
in the field. He is now professor and chairman of neurosurgery
at Brown University School of Medicine.
Dr. Thomas P. Fehlner
Notre Dame, Indiana
An internationally recognized authority on boron hydride
chemistry, Dr. Fehl ner began his research in that field while
he was a postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins. He has lectured
on the subject at universities across the world. In recent
years, he has shifted his research emphasis to synthetic
inorganic chemistry and continues his research as professor of
chemistry at the University of Notre Dame.
Dr. John F. Foss
East Lansing, Michigan
Dr. Foss is a widely known experimentalist in fluid mechanics and
has developed novel methods for the improvement of measurement of
turbulent flows. He has also made major contributions to
undergraduate mechanical engineering education and developed an
excellent laboratory course in fluid dynamics at Michigan State
University. His approach and specific exercises have been
adopted by a number of other universities.
Dr. Stephen C. Joseph
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Dr. Joseph has a distinguished career as both a scholar and
active investigator in the field of public health. Among other
important contributions, his work has helped combat the AIDS
epidemic in New York. He has served in numerous government
posts, including that of deputy assistant administrator for the
U.S. Agency for International Development. He is currently dean
of the School of Public Health and a professor at the University
of Minnesota.
Dr. James Roderick Jude
Miami, Florida
After training under Dr. Alfred Blalock, Dr. Jude continued the
tradition of major advances in cardiovascular surgery and related
areas, making especially important contributions to the
development of closed chest cardiac massage and electrical
defibrillation of the heart. In addition to a distinguished
career in surgery, he is clinical professor of surgery at the
University of Miami School of Medicine.
Dr. Otto F. Kernberg
White Plains, New York
An internationally recognized investigator and clinician in the
field of psychiatry, Dr. Kernberg trained at Johns Hopkins with
Dr. Jerome Frank and is currently associate chairman and medical
director of New York Hospital Cornell Medical Center,
Westchester Division. His work has earned him numerous awards,
including, in 1990, the first Mary S. Sigourney Award for
Distinguished Contributions in Psychoanalysis.
Dr. Kunio Okuda
Chiba, Japan
Dr. Okuda's interest in biochemistry was stimulated by work at
Johns Hopkins on the physiological properties of vitamin B-12.
His research resulted in several papers on the importance of this
vitamin during pregnancy and on its interaction with factor
present in gastric juices that is necessary for the absorption
of the vitamin into the bloodstream. He is now professor
emeritus at Chiba University Medical School.
Dr. Emmanuel T. Sarris
Xanthi, Greece
As a member of the European Science Foundation's Committee of
Space Research, Dr. Sarris has played a leading role in planning
the European space program. As professor of electrodynamics at
the University of Thrace, he has greatly broadened the
university's role in space science. He was recently appointed
director of the Institute for Ionospheric and Space Physics at
the Athens Observatory, the principal organization in Greece for
space research.
Dr. Antonio Ramirez de Verger
Sevilla, Spain
Dr. de Verger's studies of classical authors have led to the
publication of a number of outstanding scholarly works,
including a critical edition of Ovid's Amores on which he began
work while a visiting professor at Johns Hopkins. He has not
only edited ancient authors, but also worked on late medieval
texts that were of great importance for the voyages of discovery
that ultimately led to the discovery of America.
Dr. Samuel S.C. Yen
La Jolla, California
An internationally known expert in neuroendocrinology, Dr. Yen is
co-author of a text, Reproductive Endocrinology, which is
considered a classic in its field and is now in its third
edition. He is professor of reproductive medicine, director of
the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, and holder of the
W.R. Persons Chair in Reproductive Medicine at the University of
California at San Diego.
Dr. James C. Allen
Charleston, South Carolina
A distinguished clinician and investigator, Dr. Allen made
seminal observations as a postdoctoral fellow that led to the
finding of the GM allotypes on immunoglobulin heavy chains.
Later, in collaboration with Dr. Michael Apicella, he
demonstrated the immunopathogenesis of pleural effusions in
tuberculosis.
Dr. Camilla Persson Benbow
Ames, Iowa
A productive and creative investigator, Dr. Benbow received four
Hopkins degrees, including a doctorate, by age 24 and was
promoted to full professor at Iowa State at 33. She is widely
published in educational development and psychology. Formerly a
co- director of the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth at
Hopkins, she has gone on to direct the study's Iowa State
location.
Dr. Morgan Berthrong
Colorado Springs, Colorado
Dr. Berthrong is widely known for his definitive studies of
radiation injury. He is regarded as an expert diagnostic
pathologist and an inspiring teacher. His list of publications
includes entries in every decade from the 1940s to the 1990s.
Dr. David Grob
New York, New York
Dr. Grob, a medical educator and a researcher with a record of
scholarship over nearly half a century, has long been interested
in the physiology and pathophysiology of neuromuscular
transmission and in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis. In
1982, his research in neuromuscular diseases won him the
achievement award of the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation.
Dr. Lewis H. Kuller
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Dr. Kuller is one of the nation's leaders in clinical and chronic
disease epidemiology, and has applied epidemiological methods to
a wide variety of public health and clinical problems. His
publications play a significant role in bridging the gap between
epidemiology and clinical medicine.
Dr. Michel F. Lechat
Brussels, Belgium
Dr. Lechat has served as president of the International Leprosy
Association and the International Leprosy Union, and was also one
of the first to suggest that epidemiologic principles could be
applied to improving disaster preparedness and response. He has
served as a World Health Organization consultant or adviser in
two dozen nations.
Dr. George W. Mitchell, Jr.
San Antonio, Texas
Dr. Mitchell, an expert in gynecologic oncology and gynecological
surgery, has set standards and policy at every level within the
field of obstetrics and gynecology. His contributions have been
recognized by the establishment of a chair in his name at Tufts
University School of Medicine, where he is a former department
chairman and now an emeritus professor.
Dr. Antonia C. Novello
Washington, D.C.
Dr. Novello, surgeon general of the U.S. Public Health Service,
is the author or co-author of more than 75 articles and chapters
on public health policy, nephrology, and pediatrics. She is an
unflagging advocate of public health training and the need to
attract more women and minorities into the field. She continues
the tradition of using the office of surgeon general as a
platform from which to make important contributions to public
knowledge of health issues, including AIDS, smoking, and
immunization.
Dr. Gary A. Prinz
Washington, D.C.
As a postdoctoral fellow, Dr. Prinz was the first to observe
evidence for coupling between rare-earth ions in an insulating
host crystal structure using high resolution spectroscopic
measurements. At the Naval Research Laboratory, he was the first
to use pulsed molecular gas lasers as sources to carry out
magnetic resonance experiments in the far infrared. He was
elected a fellow of the American Physical Society in 1984.
Dr. Emil Reisler
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Reisler is internationally known for insightful work on the
biochemical and biophysical properties of the contractile
proteins of muscle. He is considered a world leader in using
biochemical approaches to clarify the molecular processes in
muscle movement and force generation.
Dr. Michel J.A. Robert-Nicoud
Grenoble, France
Dr. Robert-Nicoud is known for pioneering contributions to the
study of the cell nucleus, and chromosomes in particular. He is
also highly regarded for his application of novel
microtechniques to the study and manipulation of chromosomes,
and especially for single chromosome microsurgery and confocal
microscopy.
Dr. James B. Snow, Jr.
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Snow's publications cover the entire range of otolaryngology,
including taste and smell, head and neck cancer, and auditory
research. His studies on the blood flow of the inner ear, done
nearly 20 years ago, are still quoted in the clinical
literature. He has been director of the National Institutes of
Health's new Institute on Deafness and Other Communication
Disorders since 1990.
Dr. Katepalli R. Sreenivasan New Haven, Connecticut An
established authority in the field of turbulence, Dr.
Sreenivasan, a professor of both mechanical engineering and
physics at Yale, has, in recent years, pioneered the application
of the new techniques of chaos and fractals to the study of
turbulence, opening a new field of research.
Dr. G. Rainey Williams
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Dr. Williams, one of the outstanding cardiothoracic surgeons
trained by Dr. Alfred Blalock in the 1940s and 1950s, is one of
the few surgeons in the nation who have remained broadly based,
performing general as well as thoracic, cardiac, and vascular
surgery. He was among the first to successfully perform limb
reimplantation.
Dr. Edward Ming-Yang Wu
Taipei, Taiwan
Dr. Wu has, since 1989, supervised Taiwan's water pollution
prevention and control efforts and research. He also has done
extensive research in mathematical modeling of water quality,
environmental systems analysis, water and waste water
engineering, and water resources engineering and systems
analysis.
Dr. Mason Cooke Andrews
Norfolk, Virginia
In a distinguished career of research, practice, and leadership
in the field of gynecology and obstetrics, Dr. Andrews, as an
educator and scholar, has expressed himself most effectively
through his conceptual development and establishment of the
Eastern Virginia Medical School. He has also contributed
substantially to the public welfare in his community, being the
major force in the revitalization of Norfolk's waterfront. Dr.
Jeremiah A. Barondess New York, New York Dr. Barondess is a
distinguished practitioner of medicine, scholar, and medical
statesman. His work demonstrates the importance of scholarly
inquiry in improving and extending the place of medicine and
physician care in our society. He has had a profound impact on
three decades of residents in medicine, and his elegance as a
clinical teacher is nationally renowned.
Dr. Robert J. Blendon
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Blendon is one of the foremost researchers and policy
analysts in the field of health policy and management. As senior
vice president of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, he
developed major research and demonstration initiatives on issues
concerning access to health care for the disadvantaged. He has
combined his management and operational responsibilities with a
productive career in research on access to health care, public
program analysis, and health policy and public opinion.
Dr. Alfonso Bosellini
Ferrara, Italy
Dr. Bosellini is internationally known for his geological work in
the Dolomites of northern Italy. Recently, he was awarded Italy's
highest honor for a scientist-the Gold Medal of the Italian
National Academy. He is the author of more than 90 publications
in his field and has just finished a major, post-graduate-level
work on sedimentary geology.
Dr. Robert H. Brook
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Brook is a leading figure in the development of the science
of studies of the quality of health care and of health care
delivery in the United States. He has been frequently honored
and cited for his work. His research and publications deal with
an impressive array of current and future health care and health
systems issues. They reflect an incisive understanding of the
complexities and rapid change in the organization, outreach,
assessment, and relevance of the nation's health care system.
Dr. Evan Calkins
Buffalo, New York
Dr. Calkins' career as a leader in American medicine reflects his
many achievements, from chief resident at Massachusetts General
Hospital to chairman of the Department of Medicine at the
Buffalo General Hospital to chairman of the Department of
Medicine at SUNY-Buffalo. In the latter position, his vigorous
and visionary leadership brought the department into national
and international prominence. He has, in more recent years,
turned his energetic and incisive focus to the issues and
problems of geriatrics and gerontology.
Dr. Pedro Cuatrecasas
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Dr. Cuatrecasas' pioneering work in the development and use of
solid-phase
technology for affinity purification of specific molecules has
provided a radically new approach to the isolation of proteins
and the analysis of enzyme-substrate binding, ligand-receptor
interactions, and hormone action.
Dr. Herbert W. Dickerman*
Dr. Dickerman's early research contributions were in his seminal
investigation of chain
initiation in protein biosynthesis. Even while heavily engaged as
an administrator in the New York State Department of Health, he
was still able to continue his research and to branch out into a
new field of inquiry, studying biosynthesis and details of modes
of action of estrogens. Beyond his research and administrative
responsibilities as commissioner of health of New York State,
Dr. Dickerman played a major role in organizing efforts to
understand and combat AIDS in that state.
Dr. Gottlieb C. Friesinger II
Nashville, Tennessee
Dr. Friesinger is a distinguished cardiovascular investigator,
clinical cardiologist, and teacher. His research began with a
focus on ischemic heart disease with special attention to
coronary blood flow and the natural history of ischemic heart
disease in relation to coronary arterio-graphic findings. The
Friesinger classification of coronary arteriographic anatomy was
one of the first attempts to standardize the reporting of results
of the then-new tool, the coronary arteriogram. He has also
investigated many other fields in cardiology, especially
ventricular function and the interaction between platelets and
the vessel wall.
Dr. Elmer G. Gilbert
Ann Arbor, Michigan
For three decades, Dr. Gilbert has been a leading figure in the
mathematical aspects of systems and control engineering. His
publications on the structure of linear systems and the linear
decoupling problems are classics, and for many years he has been
an important contributor to the literature on optimal control.
More recently, Dr. Gilbert has made fundamental contributions to
nonlinear systems and control and has been exploring control
problems in robotics.
Dr. Cyrus Herzl Gordon
New York, New York
Dr. Gordon's distinguished career has established his reputation
as one of the most prominent Semitists of his generation. In the
wide range of his many achievements, he will probably be
remembered most for his contributions to the new and challenging
field of Ugaritic studies, where he and his writings have held a
dominant position since the discovery and deciphering of this
new Semitic language that is of enormous significance for
biblical studies.
Dr. John Collins Harvey
Washington, D.C.
Dr. Harvey is a distinguished academic physician and clinical
scholar. He has played a key role in establishing the
gerontology program at the Georgetown University School of
Medicine. He has demonstrated a lifelong interest in issues of
medical ethics and, after 10 years of study on a part-time
basis, he recently received the Ph.D. degree in moral theology
from St. Mary's University. Because of his understanding and
knowledge of medical ethics issues, he has been an important
contributor to national and international conferences on a wide
range of ethical topics.
Dr. Nathan O. Hatch
Notre Dame, Indiana
Through his outstanding monograph, The Sacred Cause of Liberty:
Republican Thought and the Millennium in Revolutionary New
England, Dr. Hatch has illuminated the relationship between
religion and politics in revolutionary New England and thereby
established himself as one of the outstanding younger scholars in
early American history. He is currently a professor in the
Department of History and vice president for advanced studies at
the University of Notre Dame.
Dr. Bernadine P. Healy
Cleveland, Ohio
Dr. Healy occupies a distinguished position of leadership in
American medicine as chair of the Research Institute of the
Cleveland Clinic Foundation. She has achieved a singularly
impressive record of accomplishment as a researcher in cardiac
pathology and cardiomyopathy, as well as in her administrative
career, as assistant dean for postdoctoral programs at The Johns
Hopkins School of Medicine, as deputy director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy at the White House, as past
president of the American Federation for Clinical Research, and
as president of the American Heart Association.
Dr. William Daniel Hillis
Waco, Texas
Dr. Hillis has an outstanding record of intellectual and academic
achievements and an unusually strong record of community service.
His contributions to medical research have been in the fields of
virology and infectious diseases. His description, in 1961, of
hepatitis in a chimpanzee colony was the first indication that
chimpanzees may be susceptible to human hepatitis, leading to a
unique model for studies of pathogenesis and vaccination with
hepatitis B virus. Other research has included a wide range of
virus groups, especially with regard to their relevance to
clinical medicine, such as cytomegalovirus and hepatitis B
infections in renal transplant recipients and the role of
viruses in kidney diseases.
Dr. Lee Milton Howard
Falls Church, Virginia
Dr. Howard has been one of the nation's major contributors to
solving health problems and establishing health programs in
developing countries. As chief of the USAID malaria eradication
branch and later as director of USAID's Office of Health, he was
the focus of the agency's many programs designed to improve
health in developing countries. Dr. Howard formulated the
agency's first efforts to extend low-cost health delivery systems
on a national scale. These initiatives were the direct
predecessors of the World Health Organization's 1978 conference
on primary health care and formed the basis of the WHO "Health
for All" program. Under his leadership in the Office of Health,
A.I.D. extended its efforts in maternal and child health,
environmental sanitation, and programs of oral rehydration.
Dr. John O'Neal Humphries
Columbia, South Carolina
Dr. Humphries is best known for his contributions to cardiology,
both as an investigator and as a teacher. His major
accomplishments in research deal with the correlation of cardiac
physical signs with physiology as determined by cardiac
catheterization and angiography. A background in epidemiology
also led to one of his major contributions investigating the
natural history of ischemic heart disease in relation to
arteriographic findings in a group of patients followed over a
period of 12 years.
Dr. Maurice H. Lessof
London, England
Dr. Lessof is the senior figure in clinical immunology in the
United Kingdom today. Throughout his career, he has also stayed
at the forefront of allergy research. He initiated studies into
Addison's disease and Hashimoto's Struma. Subsequent
investigations included food allergy, asthma, lupus, eczema,
urticaria, migraine, and bee venom allergy.
Dr. Anthony P. Mahowald
Cleveland, Ohio
Dr. Mahowald is an international leader in developmental biology
in general, and in the area of Drosophila developmental genetics
in particular. He is well-known for his research on the
Drosophila embryo and for his masterful combination of genetic
and developmental methods to the elucidation of the cytological
and biochemical basis of embryogenesis. He has demonstrated the
continuity of polar granules during the life cycle of Drosophila
and provided one of the first documentations of DNA in
mitochondria. With Allan Spaulding, he co-discovered DNA
amplification in follicle cells.
Dr. James O. Mason
Washington, D.C.
Dr. Mason is assistant secretary for health, Department of Health
and Human Services. He was formerly executive director, Utah
Department of Health, and has held numerous positions in the
U.S. Public Health Service, culminating in the directorship of
the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. He is
the author of numerous scientific papers in the field of public
health.
Dr. Michael H. Merson
Geneva, Switzerland
Dr. Merson has had an exceptional career with service in a
variety of settings. The primary focus of his research has been
the study and treatment of diarrheal disease. From his work as
chief of the Enteric Diseases Branch of the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention to chief medical epidemiologist of the
Cholera Research Laboratory in Bangladesh to his current
achievements as director of both the World Health Organization's
Program to Control Diarrhoeal Diseases and the Acute Respiratory
Infection Control Program, Dr. Merson has amply demonstrated his
extraordinary skills and commitment to the relief of major health
problems of developing countries.
Dr. Allen H. Neims
Gainesville, Florida
Dr. Neims is one of the outstanding scholars in pharmacology
today, having made major contributions to our understanding of
numerous drugs and their biological mechanisms, including
caffeine. He has made important contributions, also, to the
understanding of mitochondrial DNA.
Dr. Stephen L. Passman
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Dr. Passman's early studies focused on the kinematics of
continuous media. He later investigated Cosserat theories of
plates and shells and then the flow of granular materials,
porous media, multiphase flow, and theories of damage. His
research in the past decade has concentrated on mathematical the
ories of fundamental aspects of thermomec-hanics of materials.
Dr. Mario G. Pitteri
Padova, Italy
Dr. Pitteri has studied deeply and broadly in mathematics, the
foundations of mechanics, thermomechanics and its history, and
the mathematical aspects of the kinetic theory of gases. He has
also explored thermodynamics, the non-linear Boltzmann equation,
and the twinning crystals. His published work on the latter is
already a classic and widely cited. Dr. Pitteri's papers on
kinetic theory provide counterexamples refuting widely diffused
and incorrect beliefs.
Dr. Sheikh Riazuddin
Lahore, Pakistan
Dr. Riazuddin has distinguished credentials both as a prominent
biochemist and molecular biologist and as an educator and
director of an international research center associated with the
University of the Punjab in his native Pakistan. He has made
significant contributions to our understanding of the range of
biochemical mechanisms employed by prokaryotic organisms in the
repair of chromosomes damaged by ultraviolet light or alkylating
agents. Dr. Riazuddin has recently extended his research into
more applied areas. This work has led to the discovery and
isolation of several new enzymes, some of which will surely be of
significant practical value to the fields of molecular biology
and recombinant DNA research.
Dr. David L. Rimoin
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Rimoin is a leader in the field of medical genetics and was
the founding chairman of the American Board of Medical Genetics.
He is known for his contributions in the area of the genetics of
endocrine disorders and particularly for his contributions to the
understanding of genetic disorders of the skeleton and
inheritable disorders of connective tissue.
Dr. T. Franklin Williams
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Williams' career has been a dynamic blend of several research
areas. His early contributions involved the study of water and
electrolyte physiology in man and then on factors influencing the
quality of medical care and family studies of disease.
Subsequently, Dr. Williams turned his focus to glucose and
potassium fluxes in the liver, and produced perceptive writings
on practical problems of diabetes management. For the past 15
years, he has earned a worldwide reputation for his studies on
the specific medical problems of the elderly.
Dr. David B. Wilson
Ithaca, New York
As a leader in the field of molecular biochemistry, Dr. Wilson
has successfully combined the intellectual and experimental
techniques of biochemistry, genetics, and regulatory biology in
exploring complex processes occurring within bacterial cells. He
has already contributed significantly to our understanding of the
complex bacterial cellulase enzyme system, and is adding
considerably to the knowledge of mechanisms of bacterial protein
secretion. His unusually imaginative, thorough, and disciplined
basic research is shedding new light on the detailed molecular
mechanisms by which living cells control some of their most vital
functions.
Dr. Ian N.R. Creese
Newark, New Jersey
Dr. Creese has focused his research on the link between behavior
and specific neurotransmitters. Subsequent to the publication of
classic papers on the role of dopamine and the effects of other
psychoactive drugs, he was able to identify two distinct types
of dopamine receptors. Dr. Creese's work has direct application
to the understanding of supersensitivity to neuroleptic drugs and
to the alteration in synaptic transmission with aging.
Dr. Paul Allen Ebert
Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Ebert is one of the world's outstanding pediatric heart
surgeons. In addition to his clinical activities, he has played
a major role in the development of surgery in this country, has
contributed extensively to the literature, and chaired
departments at two major institutions before becoming director of
the American College of Surgeons.
Dr. Charles Edwards
Albany, New York
Dr. Edwards has concentrated his research on the electro-
neurophysiology of single cells, where he made signal
contributions to our understanding of the processes that control
and modify electrical activity of nerve and muscle. In addition
to his laboratory research, Dr. Edwards is noted for his role in
international education and as the author of highly regarded
critical reviews that are especially valued for their historical
perspective.
Dr. Neil Heiman
Fremont, California
Dr. Heiman developed important techniques using muon spin
resonance to study the magnetic behavior of impurities in
solids. His investigations have been especially useful in
describing the properties of ultrathin magnetic films, a field
of intense commercial interest.
Dr. Gordon R. Hennigar
Charleston, South Carolina
Dr. Hennigar is a prominent diagnostic pathologist whose research
focus has been on chemical and drug toxicity. He also has taken a
lead role in the development of forensic pathology in a number
of eastern states and is active in many professional
societies.
Dr. Dudley P. Jackson
Washington, D.C.
Dr. Jackson began his work in hematology with studies of the
effects of radiation injury. His later work, which has been
recognized by a number of important awards, has concentrated on
blood coagulation mechanisms and the role of platelets.
Dr. Sushila Nayar
New Delhi, India
Dr. Nayar has been a central figure in the development of health
care programs and educational institutes in India for more than
four decades. During her service as Minister of Health, many
fundamental health programs were established, including the
treatment and control of malaria, venereal disease,
tuberculosis, and leprosy. She also was active in the
establishment of emergency medical services in New Delhi. Dr.
Nayar is the founder of the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical
Sciences, which brings medical training to the rural areas, and
she continues to be active in programs of the institute.
Dr. Sidney Raffel
Stanford, California
Dr. Raffel conducted early work on the immunological specificity
of tissue and cell antigens, including investigations of a group
of heat-stable haptens of organs and tissues. His studies
delineated the relationship between hypersensitivity and immunity
in tuberculosis and related diseases. Dr. Raffel has been an
active participant in the development of several national
committees concerned with research in allergies and infectious
diseases.
Dr. Bernard Roizman
Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Roizman is one of the world's outstanding virologists.
Following his early work with poliomyelitis, he has studied the
herpes virus with special emphasis on its relationship to
cancer. Dr. Roizman's educational efforts include editorships of
several journals and organizational roles in a number of
international meetings.
Dr. Robert D. Simoni
Stanford, California
Dr. Simoni is a leading contributor to our understanding of
cellular transport. He has studied the properties of these
processes for a number of systems, with special interest in
sugar and cholesterol transport.
Dr. Henry Sussman
Buffalo, New York
Dr. Sussman is an expert on literary comparisons and on the use
of language. Wide-ranging in his approach to literature, Dr.
Sussman has written and lectured on authors from Hegel and
Hawthorne to Kierkegaard and Kafka.
Dr. Leslie P. Weiner
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Weiner is a leader in the field of neurology. Recently, he
has applied molecular biological techniques to the study of
chronic viral infection of the nervous system and to chronic
demyelination with great success. Dr. Weiner has served the
academic community as a member of the advisory board of a number
of national organizations concerned with neurology.
Dr. David G. Whittingham
Carshalton, United Kingdom
Dr. Whittingham has made numerous fundamental contributions to
our understanding of the cellular and molecular processes
involved in fertilization, embryogenesis, and oviductal function.
His description of the role of energy sources in gamete
differentiation and his development of in vitro preservation
techniques for mammalian embryos continue to have a profound
impact on the agricultural and reproductive sciences as well as
on genetics and developmental biology.
Dr. Lilia Alberghina
Milan, Italy
A specialist in plant physiology, Dr. Alberghina's research on
ribosomal
growth and the synthesis of RNA has clarified the mechanisms of
cell regulation in microbial and mammalian systems. Currently,
she is engaged in a program to explore the use of biotechnology
in Italian industry. Dr. Alberghina is the recipient of the 1986
Antonio Feltrinelli Award for Biology from the National Academy
of Lincei.
Dr. Bobby Ray Alford
Houston, Texas
Dr. Alford is an authority on the physiology of hearing and
balance in animals and man. He has been honored for his research
and leadership abilities by the American Medical Association, the
American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, and the
Michael E. DeBakey International Society.
Dr. John D. Axe
Upton, New York
Dr. Axe's research contributions in spectroscopy have advanced
atomic and crystal field optical spectroscopy, electronic
transition probabilities, laser spectroscopy, and structured
phase transitions by neutron scattering. Dr. Axe is a fellow of
the American Physical Society, the recipient of the Bertram
Eugene Warren Diffraction Physics Award, and a member of several
committees concerned with the national research program in
condensed matter physics.
Dr. John Bongaarts
New York, New York
An internationally recognized scholar of mathematical demography
and demographic methodology, Dr. Bongaarts' quantified model on
the proximate determinants of fertility has had a major influence
in identifying and resolving issues in fertility policy. In a
recent publication, he has suggested an alternative to the
one-child family in China, a proposal which is stimulating an
examination of alternative paths to population stabilization and
which will influence the lives of hundreds of millions of
people.
Dr. R. Gordon Douglas, Jr.
New York, New York
Dr. Douglas is recognized as an international authority on viral
infections, especially those of respiratory tract viruses. His
research has included the natural history of infection, mechanism
of spread, immune response, and vaccine efficacy and chemotherapy
on a wide range of viruses including herpes and rhinovirus.
Dr. Thomas F. Ferris
Minneapolis, Minnesota
Dr. Ferris conducted the definitive studies of the role of
angiotensin and prostaglandins in the regulation of uterine
blood flow in pregnancy. Considered an authority on diseases of
the kidney and renal physiology, Dr. Ferris is also widely
recognized as a teacher, having served as visiting professor at
more than 30 institutions during the past decade.
Dr. Neal Nathanson
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
An epidemiologist, virologist, and immunologist, Dr. Nathanson
served for 23 years on the faculty of the School of Hygiene and
Public Health. In addition to major contributions to the
epidemiology and virology of poliomyelitis, the slow viruses,
and encephalitis, he has examined important theoretical
considerations for the eradication of viruses from human
populations.
Dr. Pieter A.C. Raats
Haren, The Netherlands
An expert on the mechanics of soils, Dr. Raats has created
mathematical models describing the transport of mass and momentum
for particular kinds and circumstances of soils. He has served
on a number of Dutch national committees concerned with soil
science.
Dr. Thomas A. Stamey
Stanford, California
Dr. Stamey is internationally recognized for his understanding of
renovascular hypertension and recurrent urinary tract infections.
His work has led to effective treatment of such infections,
particularly in women. Dr. Stamey is now directing a major study
of the pathology of prostatic cancer and the role of oncogenes in
the development and progression of the disease. He served on the
faculty of the School of Medicine from 1958 to 1961.
Dr. Katharine Boucot Sturgis*
In addition to extensive work on diseases of the chest, from
tuberculosis to lung cancer, Dr. Sturgis
was responsible for the development of the Department of
Preventive Medicine at Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania. A
nationally recognized leader in preventive medicine, she served
as the first woman president or vice president of more than a
half-dozen professional organizations.
Dr. Edvardas Varnauskas
Guteborg, Sweden
A cardiologist who has made important contributions to our
understanding of pulmonary blood volume, Dr. Varnauskas has
provided new insights into the relationships between pulmonary
blood flow and diffusing capacity at rest and during exercise.
As a World Health Organization consultant, he has played an
active role in guiding cardiac care throughout the world.
Dr. Karlman Wasserman
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Wasserman is a leader in the study of respiratory control
during exercise and its role in pulmonary rehabilitation. He has
been particularly active in the study of respiratory physiology
and pulmonary medicine.
Dr. Samuel Alonzo Wells, Jr.
St. Louis, Missouri
One of the outstanding leaders in academic surgery today, Dr.
Wells is especially known for his laboratory and clinical
investigations in surgical endocrinology. He has received the
Resident Essay Award from the James Ewing Society, a Special
Fellowship from the National Cancer Institute, and the
Distinguished Alumnus Award from Duke University Medical
Center.
Dr. Moshe Abeles
Philadelphia, Pennsylva
nia Dr. Abeles is widely recognized for his work on the neocortex
and local circuits in the brain. He has received prizes for his
papers on EEG synchronizing and desynchronizing neurons and for
his work on computer-aided analysis of nerve cell activity.
Dr. Haroutune Armenian
Beirut, Lebanon
Dr. Armenian is a leader in epidemiology, with interests ranging
from cancer and
heart disease to medical care delivery practices. As dean of the
School of Public Health at the American University of Beirut, he
has continued excellent research and educational administration
despite the city's current chaos.
Dr. Ernesto Carafoli
Zurich, Switzerland
Well known for his studies on the role of mitochondria in calcium
metabolism, Dr. Carafoli helped identify the uptake and exit
pathways for calcium in this organelle. He is also an authority
on the bioenergetics of normal and pathological states.
Dr. Denton A. Cooley
Houston, Texas
One of the world's premier heart surgeons, Dr. Cooley was among
the small group of surgeons working at Johns Hopkins with Dr.
Alfred Blalock in pioneering the development of cardiac surgery.
He has been honored throughout the world for his outstanding
contributions to the field.
Dr. Gilles Marc Corcos
Berkeley, California
Combining work in theoretical and experimental aspects of fluid
mechanics, Dr. Corcos was a pioneer in measuring the pressure
fluctuations and acoustical properties of turbulent boundary
layers. More recently, he has focused on the mathematical
modeling of turbulent shear layers.
Dr. Milton Thomas Edgerton
Charlottesville, Virginia
A prolific contributor to the literature of reconstructive
surgery and a skilled surgeon, Dr. Edgerton has advanced the
procedures used in reconstruction necessitated by birth defects,
war wounds, cancer, and burns. He has also been concerned with
the psychiatric aspects of such surgery.
Dr. Wayne A. Hendrickson
New York, New York
Using crystallographic and magnetic resonance techniques, Dr.
Hendrickson has helped to determine the structure of biologically
important molecules. He has also contributed to the advancement
of analysis techniques used in crystallography, and performed
important long-term studies of hemoglobin and hemerythrins.
Dr. Georgeanna Seegar Jones
Norfolk, Virginia
Dr. Georgeanna Seegar Jones has had a distinguished career in
gynecology and obstetrics, concentrating on the effects of
hormones on the reproductive process; her work has been
complemented for almost 50 years with that of her husband, Dr.
Howard Jones. Together they have won international acclaim for
the establishment of the first in vitro fertilization program in
the United States.
Dr. Howard Wilbur Jones
Norfolk, Virginia
Working with his wife, Dr. Georgeanna Seegar Jones, Dr. Howard
Jones has concentrated on the surgical aspects of gynecology,
with a particular focus on aspects of malformation and on
cancer. His studies, conducted in collaboration with his wife,
led to the first in vitro fertilization program in the United
States.
Dr. Robert G. Petersdorf
La Jolla, California
For more than 30 years, Dr. Petersdorf has been a leader in
research on bacteremia and its consequences, such as fever,
infective endocarditis, and meningitis. Moreover, he has been a
practical and forceful leader in the evolution of the academic
medical establishment to meet society's needs.
Dr. Raymond Seltser
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Dr. Seltser is widely recognized for his epidemiological studies
in the treatment of pneumonia, cerebrovascular disease, and the
effects of radiation on physicians. Dean of the Graduate School
of Public Health at the University of Pittsburgh, he is also
well-known for his outstanding leadership in public health
education.
Dr. Morton M. Weber
Saint Louis, Missouri
Dr. Weber is an internationally recognized authority on electron
transport in biologically important materials, especially
Mycobacterium phlei. He has also made important contributions in
his research on the effect of light and other regulators in
electron transport and energy metabolism.
Dr. William O. Williams
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
An international authority in the field of continuum
thermomechanics, Dr. Williams has concentrated on the mechanics
and thermomech-anics of mixtures. His contributions have ranged
from discussion of the foundation of thermodynamics and mature
theory to models for muscular contraction.
Dr. Jo Eirik Asvall
Copenhagen, Denmark
Dr. Asvall's efforts led to the reorganization of the Norwegian
health care system and the introduction of one of Europe's most
sophisticated data systems. As director of the Regional Office
for Europe of the World Health Organization, he is now fostering
imaginative programs in health planning for the European
community.
Dr. Ivan L. Bennett, Jr.*
Dr. Bennett's record of distinguished national service in
research, medical education, and the
shaping of health policy included administrative posts as
department director and acting director of the Office of Science
and Technology.
Dr. Leighton E. Cluff
Princeton, New Jersey
Dr. Cluff is executive vice president of the Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation, where he carries out a broad range of policies
designed to improve health care delivery systems. He has also
made important contributions to research on infectious diseases.
Dr. John Thomas Grayhack
Chicago, Illinois
Dr. Grayhack is professor and chairman of the Department of
Urology and director of the Kretschmer Laboratory at
Northwestern University Medical School. He is one of the
nation's leading urologists, and his research has broadly
advanced the detection and treatment of prostatic and bladder
diseases.
Dr. Merel H. Harmel
Durham, North Carolina
The first anesthesiology resident at Hopkins, Dr. Harmel is
professor in the Department of Anesthesiology at the Duke
University Medical Center. A leader in the development of
anesthesiology, he has served three major universities as
anesthesiology chairman.
Dr. Horace Louis Hodes*
Dr. Hodes was Distinguished Service Professor in the Department
of Pediatrics at Mount Sinai
School of Medicine in New York City. Blending research and
clinical service, he contributed to the basic understanding of
the structure and behavior of viruses, and was a role model for
many young physicians.
Dr. Thomas P. Hughes
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania A scholar in the history of 19th- and
20th-century technology, Dr. Hughes is the author of
two landmark publications about the nature of technological
change: Elmer Sperry - Inventor and Engineer and Networks of
Power - Electrification of Western Society 1880-1930.
Dr. Ingo Muller
Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. Muller is an authority on thermodynamics, including
irreversible processes and
relativistic thermodynamics. His influential publications are
widely cited and used, both in this country and in Europe.
Dr. David C. Sabiston, Jr.
Durham, North Carolina
A leading figure in cardiac surgery, Dr. Sabiston has produced
important research in the physiology of coronary circulation and
in myocardial metabolism, and has performed pioneering work in
the development of coronary artery bypass grafts.
Dr. Mikio Shikita
Chiba-shi, Japan
Dr. Shikita directs chemical pharmacology at the National
Institute of Radiological Sciences in Japan. His research has
attracted worldwide attention in his field and has led to a
better understanding of many aspects of steroid biochemistry and
radiation protection.
Dr. Te Pao Wang
Shanghai, China
While at Johns Hopkins, Dr. Wang carried out pioneering studies
in an area of biochemistry that became important in developing
basic approaches to modern enzymology. His recent research, on
the structure and function of transfer RNAs, culminated in the
synthesis of several transfer RNAs and is recognized throughout
the world as an important contribution to molecular biology and
biochemistry.
Dr. James J. Whalen
Buffalo, New York
Dr. Whalen's research has been of great importance in developing
compact, complex computers through the study of electromagnetic
compatibility and of fault tolerance in electronic devices and
circuits.
Dr. Henry I. Yamamura
Tucson, Arizona
Dr. Yamamura is a leader in psychopharmacology. His studies of
receptor sites in the brain and his work with clin-ical
colleagues have added substantially to the studies of
neurotransmitter abnormalities in such brain diseases as
Huntington's and Alzheimer's diseases.
Dr. Guillermo Arbona
Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico
As secretary of health for the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Dr.
Arbona developed a regional system of health service delivery,
providing effective treatment to a low-income population in an
area subject to tropical disease.
Dr. Charles C.J. Carpenter
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Carpenter's early research was on the role of the
renin-angiotensin system in control of aldosterone secretion. He
also has made major contributions to the knowledge of cholera,
with particular emphasis on its therapeutic management.
Dr. David B. Clark
Lexington, Kentucky
Recognized nationally as one of the most gifted teachers in
clinical neurology, Dr. Clark has also helped shape the
development of child neurology, using the tools of neurology and
the neuro-sciences to study the developmental problems of the
human nervous system.
Dr. Francis R. Hama
Stuttgart, Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. Hama has been a pioneer experimenter in the instability of
subsonic and supersonic laminar boundary layer flows along solid
surfaces, and on their transition to turbulent flow, developing
efficient devices for hastening the transition and carrying out
analyses important to understanding curved vortices.
Dr. Joseph E. Johnson III
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Dr. Johnson, whose research contributions to the study of
staphylococcal infections and adverse drug reactions are
well-known, has also published extensively on the amplified
migration inhibition effect and pulmonary host defense
mechanisms. Chairman of the Department of Medicine at Wake
Forest University, he has served as president of the Association
of Professors of Medicine.
Professor Peter J. Parish
London, England
Internationally recognized as a scholar of American history,
Professor Parish has received special praise for his book The
American Civil War. At the time of his election to the society,
he was at work on an introductory text on American history,
intended particularly for non-American students.
Dr. Stephen Joseph Ryan, Jr.
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Ryan is one of the outstanding investigators in
ophthalmology, specializing in macular diseases and retinal
detachment. Since 1974 he has been chairman of the Department of
Ophthalmology at the University of Southern California, and
since 1977 medical director of the Doheny Eye Foundation.
Dr. Asher P. Schick
Jerusalem, Israel
Dr. Schick is a world authority on the hydrology and
geomorphology of true desert basins with low annual
precipitation. His knowledge, acquired over 18 years of a
continuous measurement program in small desert catchments in the
mountains of Israel, constitutes the basis for qualitative
comparisons of landforms from arid to tropical regions.
Dr. Donald W. Simborg
San Francisco, California
Dr. Simborg has developed computer-based approaches to the
investigation of cardiac arrhythmias and has devised
computer-based solutions to many biomedical problems. An early
advocate of modular systems implemented on minicomputers and
integrated by networking, he is an expert in clinical information
systems.
Dr. Frank Cole Spencer
New York, New York
Dr. Spencer has achieved widespread acclaim for his contributions
to cardiac surgery, especially coronary artery bypass surgery. He
has also developed major advances in such diverse areas as the
operative prevention of pulmonary emboli, the treatment of
complications of acute pancreatitis, and the management of liver
abscess and liver trauma.
Dr. Newman Lloyd Stephens
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Dr. Stephens' research on the velocity of muscle shortening and
the events involved in relaxation using certain pharmacological
agents is applicable to areas of airways disease, such as asthma.
It also provides the foundation for the understanding of smooth
muscle behavior to antigen challenge, and the alteration of this
behavior by drugs.
Dr. Paul D. Stolley
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
An epidemiologist, Dr. Stolley has helped develop the field known
as pharmaco-epidemiology, which uses epidemiological methods to
identify possible adverse effects of drugs. He has also been
active in helping to formulate guidelines for the use of drugs
both in this country and abroad.
Dr. Harry L. Swinney
Austin, Texas
Dr. Swinney has made major advances in the study of turbulence
and the instabilities in both chemical and hydro- dynamic
systems. His detailed studies of the critical phenomena in
fluids have led to a more complete understanding of thermodynamic
properties of chemical systems. Similar detailed studies of
fluid flows and chemical reactions have changed the understanding
of the apparently random behavior of systems of many
particles.
Dr. Mordhay Avron*
Dr. Avron contributed extensively to the study of photosynthesis,
especially in
identifying the coupling between photo-induced electron transport
and the synthesis of ATP, the universal energy currency of
living systems.
Dr. Ross J. Baldessarini
Belmont, Massachusetts
Internationally recognized for his work in psychopharmacology,
Dr. Baldessarini has played an important part in integrating
basic neurochemical and neuropharmacologic research into clinical
psychiatry, through both his research and his writings.
Dr. Shao-chiung Cheng
Beijing, People's Republic of China
For more than 50 years, Dr. Cheng has contributed to the
control of disease in animals in China. After early work on
diagnostic antigens he turned to the development and evaluation
of vaccines to control rinderpest, a disease of cattle. By 1957
this disease, which had killed millions of animals yearly in
China, had been totally eradicated.
Dr. Malcolm Andrew Ferguson-Smith
Glasgow, Scotland
Dr. Ferguson-Smith's work was instrumental in clarifying the
clinical and cytogenetic features of Klinefelter syndrome, and
he was among the first investigators to successfully use
depletion mapping of human chromosomes.
Dr. Joseph J. Ferretti
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
A leader in the genetic analysis of pathogenic streptococci, Dr.
Ferretti has also contributed to the assay of toxins and the
genetic basis for toxin formation by bacteria. His work on the
basic mechanism responsible for antibiotic resistance in
streptococci has special clinical value.
Dr. Carlos Luis Gonzalez
Caracas, Venezuela
Dr. Gonzalez has had a distinguished career in public health,
exemplified by his extensive work with the World Health
Organization and the Pan American Health Organization. His
studies of the comparative mortality experience of populations in
North and South America represented a major contribution to the
understanding of problems of health and disease in the Americas.
Dr. Richard B. Hornick
Rochester, New York
Dr. Hornick has made important contributions in the field of
infectious diseases, especially the study of typhoid fever. His
widely recognized leadership ability has resulted in numerous
appointments to editorial review boards and oversight
committees.
Dr. Julius R. Krevans
San Francisco, California
An active contributor to the field of hematology, Dr. Krevans has
also been an influential spokesman in medical education. The
broad view he has expressed on the structure of health care
systems has gained him a prominent role in both national and
international discussions of this important topic.
Dr. Dwight C. McGoon
Rochester, New York
Dr. McGoon has gained an international reputation in the field of
cardiac surgery. His prominence in this area has been
demonstrated by his election to leadership positions in a number
of national surgical associations.
Dr. David L. Miller
London, England
Dr. Miller's interest in infectious diseases, particularly in
acute respiratory infections, has led to his increasingly
important role in British public health. Recently, Dr. Miller
has been actively involved in assessing the benefits of
pertussis vaccination, and in the WHO program for control of
active respiratory diseases.
Dr. David E. Rogers*
President of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Dr. Rogers is a
leader in the fields of
medical education and research. His own research has resulted in
major contributions to the understanding of complications
inherent in influenza epidemics, the basic biology of the
staphylococcus botulism, and the understanding of
histoplasmosis.
Dr. Hiroyuki Suga
Osaka, Japan
With a rare combination of physiological scholarship and
biomedical engineering talent, Dr. Suga has gained an
international reputation in cardiovascular dynamics. His
detailed studies of system parameters, associated with cardiac
function, have led to new views of the most appropriate
measurements to indicate the health of the heart.
Dr. Piero Villaggio
Pisa, Italy
Dr. Villaggio's research has covered many areas in solid
mechanics, and his work in the field of classical elasticity is
particularly important. Organizing the mathematical work on the
qualitative theory of partial differential equations, he has
illustrated how this structure can be used to improve
understanding of practical elastic phenomena.
Dr. Maurice M. Bursey
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
A chemist, Dr. Bursey has conducted extensive research in ion
cyclotron resonance spectrometry, and has developed
laser-assisted field desorption as a technique for thermally
labile molecules.
Dr. J. Michael Criley
Torrance, California
Combining his skills as a photographer and as a cardiac
physiologist, Dr. Criley has elucidated many cardiac
con-ditions, including the use of X-ray motion pictures to
clar-ify the physiology of closed-chest cardiac resuscitation.
Dr. Carlos Eyzaquirre
Salt Lake City, Utah
Beginning with his study of fiber types in Hering's nerve, Dr.
Eyzaquirre has contributed to the understanding of the carotid
body. He later extended his work to include studies of the
presence of acetycholine in the carotid body and its response to
exogenous application of this neurotransmitter.
Dr. Hans Fuchtbauer
Bochum, West Germany
As one of the world's preeminent sedimentologists, Dr. Fuchtbauer
has elucidated the mode of formation of a variety of sediments
from evaporates to sandstones. He has also contributed
significantly to the literature of carbonate geochemistry.
Dr. Robert S. Gordon, Jr.*
Dr. Gordon's desire to apply his research on gastrointestinal
physiology to practical public
health problems led to his pioneering work on cholera in Dacca.
While working in the office of the director of the National
Institutes of Health, he encouraged the development of survey
research as an important element in providing cost-effective
health care.
Dr. Marvin A. Griffin*
Dr. Griffin applied operations research to a variety of problems,
from efficient telemetry of
data to industrial application of transportation queuing. He also
actively contributed to the use of simulated systems by
managers.
Dr. C. Rollins Hanlon
Chicago, Illinois
As director of the American College of Surgeons since 1969, Dr.
Hanlon, a cardio-thoracic surgeon, has effectively promoted the
unity of surgery and the surgical specialties in shaping health
policies.
Dr. Elizabeth Dexter Hay
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Hay has helped focus the attention of developmental
biologists on the inductive role of the extracellular matrix
during embryogenesis. In addition to her research, she has
provided leadership on the national level by serving as
editor-in-chief for a major journal and as president of two major
professional societies.
Dr. Gordon L. Kane
Ann Arbor, Michigan
Dr. Kane is highly regarded among physicists for his analyses of
experiments crucial to understanding new theoretical approaches
to elementary particle physics-analyses that demonstrate his
ability to understand the subtle aspects of theoretical and
experiential work in this field.
Dr. David M. Kipnis
St. Louis, Missouri
An outstanding physician and scientist, Dr. Kipnis has performed
valuable research on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in health
and disease, particularly diabetes. In 1981 his work earned him
election to the National Academy of Sciences.
Dr. Carl Kupfer
Bethesda, Maryland
Dr. Kupfer is internationally known for his studies in
pathogenesis of glaucoma and the experimental pharmacology of
the control of intraocular pressure. As director of the National
Eye Institute, he also was instrumental in promoting an effective
study of the role of photocoagulation in treating diabetic
retinopathy.
Dr. Leonard T. Kurland
Rochester, New York
Dr. Kurland's application of epidemiological methods to
neurological diseases led to an elucidation of the influence of
environmental factors in the development of neurologic disorders.
His work has also led to valuable studies of cancer, digestive
diseases, and vascular diseases.
Dr. Harry Orlinsky*
A biblical scholar, Dr. Orlinsky translated ancient texts for
Jewish and Christian readers
with particular attention to maintaining accuracy and
faithfulness to the original texts. He also wrote extensively on
interpretations of the ancient texts, drawing on history and
archaeology to support his analyses.
Dr. Francine V. Schrijen
Cedex, France
Dr. Schrijen has focused her research on the effect of
respiratory diseases on pulmonary blood flow and on systemic
circulation, using animal and clinical studies to investigate
the interrelations between respiratory mechanics, gas exchange,
pulmonary circulation, and systemic circulation.
Dr. Erwin H. Ackerknecht*
A historian of medicine, Dr. Ackerknecht is best known for his
Short History of Medicine and
Short History of Psychiatry. His monograph "Malaria in the Upper
Mississippi Valley" has influenced students of U.S. history as
well as students of the history of medicine.
Dr. Henry T. Bahnson
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Dr. Bahnson was a pioneer in vascular and cardiothoracic surgery
and has made significant contributions to surgery in both
acquired and congenital heart disease.
Professor Genevi E8ve Compte-Bellot
Ecully, France
Professor Compte-Bellot is one of the world's leading
experimentalists in fluid mechanics and acoustics. In addition
to her work in turbulence and two-dimensional models of fluid
motion, she has assumed national administrative responsibilities
in France.
Dr. Wilbur Downs*
Dr. Downs' studies of malaria and arboviruses have greatly
expanded our knowledge of
these infections. Dr. Downs was also active as a consultant on a
wide range of international health problems.
Dr. Leon Eisenberg
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Eisenberg has helped to raise child psychiatry to its present
distinguished position in American clinical medicine. His own
work has focused on the issues of minimal brain dysfunction,
accurate diagnosis, and hyperkinetic children.
Dr. Clarence V. Hodges
Kailwa-Kona, Hawaii
With Dr. Charles Huggins, Dr. Hodges co-authored the first paper
to describe the profound effects of hormonal manipulation on
patients suffering from disseminated prostatic cancer. His career
continued to highlight research on the prostate gland, work
which earned him national recognition.
Dr. Theodor Koller
Zurich, Switzerland
Dr. Koller helped to develop procedures permitting the direct
electron-microscopic study of DNA's interaction with protein
molecules. These techniques have been used to advance
understanding of how information is transcribed from DNA into
RNA.
Dr. Thomas W. Langfitt
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Internationally recognized for his basic research in the
pathophysiology of head injury, Dr. Langfitt has played a
central role in the understanding of increased intracranial
pressure and its effects on brain function.
Dr. Sherman M. Mellinkoff
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Mellinkoff has conducted important research in
gastroenterology, and his studies of amino acid metabolism in
liver disease and of familial Mediterranean fever have been
highly influential. His tenure as dean of the UCLA medical
school has been marked by the emergence of that institution as
one of the country's leading medical schools.
Dr. Baruch Modan
Tel Hashomer, Israel
Dr. Modan's epidemiological studies of the effects of radiation
have added to our
knowledge of the reaction of tissue to ionizing radiation. He
has also studied polycythemia vera, and these studies played an
important role in reevaluating the methods of treatment of this
disease.
Dr. John Van Sickle
New York, New York
A classicist of wide-ranging interests and considerable
achievement, Dr. Van Sickle's work on the recently discovered
text of Archilochus has attracted international attention. His
study of Virgil's Bucolics and his work on Augustan "poetry
books" have also been recognized for their superior quality.
Dr. Paul Wehrle
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Wehrle has played a leading role in the management of
communicable diseases, including WHO's successful smallpox
eradication campaign. His research has encompassed diseases from
smallpox to polio and meningitis.
Dr. Mary Ellen Avery
Wellesley, Massachusetts
Dr. Avery is known for her work in the physiology and pathology
of pulmonary diseases of newborns and infants. In particular, her
research has led to the demonstration of the underlying
pathophysiology in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome.
Dr. Edward Grzegorzewski*
Poland's delegate to the founding conference of the World Health
Organization, Dr. Grzegorzewski
joined the World Health Organization (WHO) shortly after its
formation. He was highly influential in curriculum development
and physician training to address problems in preventive
medicine.
Dr. David H. Hubel
Boston, Massachusetts
With Dr. Torsten Wiesel, Dr. Hubel conducted innovative studies
of the visual system at the cellular level. These studies, which
have resulted in an understanding of how the brain is organized
to process visual information, earned Drs. Hubel and Wiesel the
1981 Nobel Prize in medicine.
Dr. Frank M. Leslie
Glasgow, Scotland
An early worker in the field of liquid crystals, Dr. Leslie is
now recognized as an international authority on this subject,
contributing to the literature on thermal, magnetic, and
hydrodynamic properties of liquid crystals.
Dr. Attilio Maseri
London, England
Dr. Maseri has earned a preeminent position in the field of
cardiology through his work in coronary artery disease. His work
on the role of coronary vasospasm in producing myocardial
ischemia has led to widespread recognition of the significance of
this problem in humans.
Dr. Ralph S. Paffenbarger, Jr.
Stanford, California
Through innovative assessments of the relationships between a
variety of risk factors and subsequent disease, Dr. Paffenbarger
has contributed to the knowledge of the epidemiology of disease,
including infectious diseases such as diarrheal diseases and
polio, as well as mental and cardiovascular diseases and
cancer.
Dr. H. William Scott, Jr.
Nashville, Tennessee
A surgeon of the highest standing, Dr. Scott has contributed to
medical procedures for morbid obesity, peptic ulceration, and
vascular surgery. He has also assumed a leadership role in
academic surgery, serving in an official capacity in many
professional organizations.
Dr. Wayne O. Southwick
New Haven, Connecticut
As a professor of orthopedic surgery at Yale University, Dr.
Southwick is known for his rigorous teaching program. As a
researcher, he has made many important contributions to surgery
of the cervical spine and to practical biomechanics of the
injured spine. Professor Fran E7ois Stoll Zurich, Switzerland Dr.
Stoll has focused his research in applied psychology on the study
of eye movements and scanning patterns and the ways in which
those patterns can be used to improve reading mechanisms. He has
also studied the cognitive underpinnings of reading skills.
Dr. Albert Stunkard
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Dr. Stunkard has acquired an international reputation in the
study of psychiatric aspects of feeding and obesity. He has
charted the effects of such social influences as food choice in
public places and cultural ideals of proper weight.
Dr. Kameshwar C. Wali
Syracuse, New York
A theoretical high-energy physicist who has always worked closely
with experimentalists, Professor Wali has published in a wide
range of areas including form factors, SU (6), continuum theory,
local duality and monopole theories with strings.
Dr. Torsten N. Wiesel
New York, New York
With Dr. David Hubel, Dr. Wiesel conducted innovative studies of
the visual system
at the cellular level. These studies, which have resulted in an
understanding of how the brain is organized to process visual
information, earned Drs. Wiesel and Hubel the 1981 Nobel Prize in
medicine.
Dr. Konrad Akert
Zurich, Switzerland
Dr. Akert, whose postdoctoral studies at Hopkins were in the
Department of Physiology and Neurosurgery, has done research on
experimental epilepsy, focal cortical seizures, the function of
the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia in the control of
movement, and the study of synaptic action as a function of
time.
Dr. K. Frank Austen
Boston, Massachusetts
Work at Johns Hopkins in the early 1960s laid the foundation for
Dr. Austen's studies of the mechanisms and mediators of immediate
type hypersensitivity and of the complement system. He has been
especially effective in providing a bridge between fundamental
biochemistry of the mediator systems and their role in health
and disease.
Dr. George W.A. Dick*
West Sussex, England
An epidemiologist, Dr. Dick has received numerous prizes and
medals for his work in the virology of encephalitis, polio,
hepatitis, multiple sclerosis, smallpox, whooping cough and the
development of combined vaccines. His work with virus diseases
including yellow fever, Mengovirus, and Marburgvirus has won
widespread attention.
Dr. Thorstein Guthe*
Internationally famous as a microbiologist, Dr. Guthe has played
a major role in studies of
the epidemiological characteristics of occupationally related
cancer.
Dr. Leo A. Kaprio
Copenhagen, Denmark
Serving on the scientific staff of the World Health Organization
from the early years of that organization, Dr. Kaprio has pursued
a distinguished career as an administrator in the field of
international health.
Dr. Gunther Maier
Lahn-Giesseni, Federal Republic of Germany
Active in the synthesis of organic compounds,
Dr. Maier has succeeded in isolating synthetically produced
stable tetrahedrane and stable cyclobutadiene, compounds of great
importance to theoretical chemistry because they challenge
commonly held concepts of structure.
Dr. Michael P. McQuillen
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
As an academic and a neurologist, Dr. McQuillen has focused his
research on myasthenia gravis and human neuromuscular
disorders.
Dr. William H. Muller, Jr.
Charlottesville, Virginia
Dr. Muller's work in cardiac surgery, particularly on pulmonary
hypertension in congenital cardiac disease, has made him a leader
among American academic surgeons. Through his association with
the American College of Surgeons, he has contributed to the
development of surgical education on a national scale.
Dr. Susan A. Narang
Ottawa, Canada
Dr. Narang developed a modified triester method of synthesis for
important polynucleotides, making possible the synthesis of
biologically active operator DNA. These techniques have also been
used to produce human insulin in bacteria, thus making available
human proteins of medicinal importance.
Dr. Walther Noll
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Dr. Noll's approach to continuum mechanics through the use of
abstract algebraic concepts, the principles of invariance, and
functional analysis has influenced the evolution of modern
mechanics.
Dr. Anthony E. Pegg
Hershey, Pennsylvania
Dr. Pegg performed important research on enzymatic pathways for
the biosynthesis of polyamines, the hormonal control of
mitochondrial protein synthesis, and the androgenic regulation
of polyamine production in the prostate gland.
Dr. David Smith*
A leader in the field of dysmorphology, Dr. Smith contributed to
the understanding of
embryologic derangement leading to congenital defects. He also
made important contributions to the description of fetal alcohol
syndrome, a problem whose magnitude has only recently been
appreciated.
Dr. Arthur Adel*
Dr. Adel pioneered the investigation of the infrared region of
the solar spectrum, discovering the presence of many trace
constituents in the earth's atmosphere, including nitrous
oxide.
Dr. Robert Austrian
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
An investigator of the molecular structure and biological
characteristics of pneumo- coccus, Dr. Austrian has participated
in the effort to develop a vaccine to prevent pneumonia.
Sir John Brotherston*
Knighted in 1974 by Queen Elizabeth for his many accomplishments
in medicine and public health, Dr. Brotherston focused on
preventive and community medicine. He also published many
scholarly works on the history of medicine and public health.
Dr. Constantine M. Dafermos
Providence, Rhode Island
Dr. Dafermos' research in non-linear analysis of mechanical
problems, including solid mechanics and shock waves, has
displayed his ability to define the physical assumptions
underlying the governing mathematical equations.
Dr. Dorland J. Davis*
Dr. Davis conducted major research in the fields of infectious
diseases, particularly trypanosomiasis, psittacosis, hepatitis,
and influenza.
Dr. Willard E. Goodwin
Los Angeles, California
A pioneer in the use of intestinal segments to reconstruct the
urinary tract, Dr. Goodwin was one of the first urologists to
engage in transplantation and is credited with the first use of
corticosteroids for treating homograft rejection in human
transplantation. Dr. Samir Najjar Beirut, Lebanon A specialist in
pediatric endocrinology, Dr. Najjar established an outstanding
department of pediatrics at the American University in
Beirut.
Dr. Kenneth L. Pickrell*
Highly regarded for his expertise in the clinical practice of
plastic surgery, Dr. Pickrell was an influential teacher of
plastic surgeons and an international spokesperson for the
field.
Dr. Oscar D. Ratnoff
Shaker Heights, Ohio
A professor of medicine at Case Western Reserve Medical School,
Dr. Ratnoff was recognized as one of the world's experts in
problems relating to the coagulation of blood.
Dr. Ray Trussel
New York, New York
For many years a leader in the delivery of preventive medical
care, Dr. Trussel designed and developed a prototype of the
health maintenance organization. He has also contributed to the
fields of microbiology and epidemiology. Dr Verna Wright Leeds,
England Pursuing a long-term interest in rheumatology, Dr. Wright
has studied the mechanism of joint stiffness, extending that
research to the management of patients with arthritis.
Dr. Ko Kuei Chen*
Director of pharmacological research for Eli Lilly until his
retirement in 1963, Dr. Chen isolated ephedrine from the herb Ma
Huang and participated in its introduction to clinical use in the
West. He also played a central role in developing a treatment
for cyanide poisoning.
Dr. William H. Craib*
Dr. Craib revolutionized the interpretation of electrocardiograms
through the rigorous application of mathematical and physical
principles. Dr. John Knutson* While working with the U.S. Public
Health Service, Dr. Knutson helped to develop and refine indices
of dental disease. After his retirement, he was instrumental in
forming the curriculum of the University of California's Dental
School.
Dr. Frank McCapra
Falmer Brighton, England
Dr. McCapra has made important investigations in organic
chemistry, the structure of antibiotics, the biosynthesis of
alkaloids, and the mechanisms of chemiluminescence and
bioluminescence.
Dr. Chamseddine M. Mofidi
Tehran, Iran
A major contributor to the field of tropical medicine and
parasitology, Dr. Mofidi was awarded the Shousha Award by the
World Health Organization in 1971.
Dr. Loren Pfeiffer
Morristown, New Jersey
Dr. Pfeiffer has studied the M F6ssbauer Effect and its use in
the study of perturbations of nuclei in solids, the behavior of
positrons in solids, and the detection of solar neutrinos.
Dr. Sami I. Said
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
Dr. Said has been in the forefront of research on the metabolic
functions of the lung and also is particularly recognized for his
work on the vasoacti ve intestinal peptide.
Dr. Robert H. Williams*
Dr. Williams was a specialist in endocrinology, particularly the
metabolic problems of diabetes mellitus. Among his many honors
was the Minot Award of the American Medical Association.
Dr. Edward C. Zipf
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Dr. Zipf has been a major contributor to the understanding of the
molecular physics involved in planetary atmospheres. His highly
regarded laboratory program in molecular interactions has
supported important rocket research on the aurora borealis.
Dr. Leroy Burney
Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania
In the early stage of his career, Dr. Burney did research in
venereal disease and therapy. He later became surgeon general of
the U.S. Public Health Service.
Dr. Jackson I. Cope
Los Angeles, California
A leading authority on Renaissance drama, Dr. Cope has published
many scholarly and influential books in the field.
Dr. Jacques Genest
Montreal, Canada
Dr. Genest is a highly regarded expert on renal physiology, an
area in which he has conducted important clinical research.
Dr. Michael Kammen
Ithaca, New York
A professor of history at Cornell University, Dr. Kammen won the
Pulitzer Prize in American history in 1973 for his book People of
Paradox.
Dr. Fritz Kurt Kneubuhl
Zurich, Switzerland
An expert in infrared physics, Dr. Kneubuhl has conducted
investigations in spectroscopy and laser research in the
submillimeter and infrared region.
Dr. Seiichi Matsumoto*
Dr. Matsumoto was professor in the Institute for Virus Research
of Kyoto University, where he studied the morphology of viruses,
particularly of rabies viruses.
Dr Henry Gerard Schwartz
St. Louis, Missouri
Dr. Schwartz was professor of neurosurgery at Washington
University School of Medicine and surgeon-in-chief of the Barnes
and Allied Hospitals in St. Louis.
Dr. Milton Terris
South Burlington, Vermont
Dr. Terris is an authority on epidemiology, with special emphasis
on research into the epidemiology of cancer.
Dr. David J. Weatherall
Oxford, England
A professor of clinical medicine at Oxford University, Dr.
Weatherall is an expert in the fields of hematology and
genetics.
Dr. Harry Eagle*
The importance of Dr. Eagle's research on both syphilis and the
growth requirements of cells in culture can be measured by the
fact that a serological test for syphilis and a tissue culture
medium bear his name.
Dr. Robert H. Felix*
The first director of the National Institute of Mental Health,
Dr. Felix developed procedures for the awarding of research
funds that set the pattern for government support of scientific
ventures. He was also among the first to recognize psychiatric
illness as a public health problem.
Dr. Elisabeth Liefmann-Keil*
Dr. Liefmann-Keil was one of the most distinguished German
economists in the field of social policy, and was an influential
adviser to West German governments in economics and social
policy.
Dr. Maclyn McCarty
New York, New York
Dr. McCarty is highly regarded for his studies in the
transformation of pneucoccal types, C-reactive protein, the
biology and immunochemistry of streptococci, and the nature of
rheumatic fever.
Dr. Carlos Monge
Lima, Peru
A widely respected
authority in renal physiology, Dr. Monge is a professor of
medicine at Cayetano Heredia University in Lima. Dr. Marjorie
Nicholson* A student of Professor O.A. Lovejoy, Dr. Nicholson was
herself a respected literary teacher and scholar, writing such
books as Microscope and English Imagination, Breaking of the
Circle, and Science and Imagination.
Dr. Mark Ravitch*
Dr. Ravitch was internationally renowned as a general, thoracic,
and
children's surgeon. He helped investigate many innovative
techniques - including correction of pectus excavatum chest
deformities and the use of mechanical stapling devices in major
operations.
Dr. Merrill I. Skolnik
A national authority on radar, Dr. Skolnik published widely in
the fields of radar, antennas, and gaseous electronics. Dr.
Roger C. Walker Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Dr. Walker is known for
his studies of the sedimentology of clastic rock, emphasizing
the interpretation of sedimentary structures and facies, the
lateral and vertical relationships of facies, and hence the
reconstruction of ancient environments of deposition.
Dr. Myron E. Wegman
Ann Arbor, Michigan
In his extensive career in medical education and public health,
Dr. Wegman has served as director of research and training for
the New York City Health Department, as secretary general of the
Pan American Health Organization, and as dean of the University
of Michigan's School of Public Health.
Dr. C. Gordon Zubrod
Key Biscayne, Florida
Dr. Zubrod, who directed the Division of Cancer Treatment at the
National Cancer Institute, brought cancer chemotherapy closer to
the cure of leukemia and Hodgkin's disease, gaining its fuller
acceptance as a tool in the control of all forms of cancer.
Dr. Dana W. Atchley*
Dr. Atchley was a professor of clinical medicine at the College
of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and recognized
for his work on chemical problems in internal medicine, edema,
and nephritis.
Dr. Eugene Braunwald
Boston, Massachusetts
A world leader in cardiovascular research, Dr. Braunwald was
chief of the cardiology division at the National Heart Institute
from 1960 to 1967. He has received numerous honors and awards
throughout his career, including the Distinguished Research
Achievement Award of the American Heart Association.
Dr. Marcolino Candau*
After graduating from the School of Hygiene and Public Health of
Johns Hopkins and working as a public health official in his
native Brazil, Dr. Candau joined the World Health Organization,
serving as its director for almost two decades.
Dr. Lyman C. Craig*
A biochemist, Dr. Craig studied the structure of a number of
important medical agents, including lysergic acid. As the
inventor of the Craig machine for countercurrent distribution,
he made an indispensable contribution to the anti-malarial effort
by permitting the assay of impure preparations, which led in
turn to the development of protein chemistry.
Dr. Phyllis M. Deane
Cambridge, England
Phyllis M. Deane is presently a reader in the Department of
Economics and Politics at the University of Cambridge. She is an
important contributor to two areas of empirical economics and
economic history: the growth of the British economy since 1688,
and national economic accounting. Dr. Deane is the author and
editor of numerous books and articles.
Dr. Earl A. Evans, Jr.
Chicago, Illinois
As a biochemist at the University of Chicago, Dr. Evans conducted
research on the mechanism of virus reproduction, the chemistry of
insulin, the etiology of tetanus poisoning, and the metabolism
of the malaria parasite.
Dr. Harold J. Evans
Corvallis, Oregon
Dr. Evans is a major contributor to the study of plant
physiology. Among his many achievements is the Hoblitzelle
National Award he earned for research on the need for and
biochemical role of cobalt in organisms that fix nitrogen.
Dr. Arnaldo Gabaldon
Caracas, Venezuela
Dr. Gabaldon, who received his doctorate from the School of
Public Health in 1935, has established an international
reputation in the field of malaria control and eradication. A
major force for the improvement of general health services in
his native Venezuela, he has worked closely with the World
Health Organization on many disease problems.
Dr. Thomas P.S. Powell*
An investigator of neuro-anatomy, Dr. Powell contributed to the
understanding of the systems' connectivity within the central
nervous system. Through his training of, and collaboration with,
students and younger colleagues, Dr. Powell's influence has been
worldwide.
Dr. Helen Van Vunakis
Waltham, Massachusetts
Dr. Van Vunakis has carried out extensive basic research on the
structure of enzymes and their precursors, on bacterial viruses,
and on the use of immunological procedures to detect small
changes in nucleic acids.
No new members were inducted into the society in 1973.
Dr. Ray M. Bowen
Houston, Texas
Dr. Bowen was first to attack the extremely difficult problem of
extending the concepts of rational thermodynamics to mixtures of
diffusing, chemically reacting substances. The modern theory of
non-equilibrium thermochemistry is based in significant part on
his work.
Dr. Ezechiel G.D. Cohen
New York, New York
Dr. Cohen is professor of physics at Rockefeller University in
New York, where his investigations in statistical physics have
earned him widespread recognition.
Dr. David A.P. Evans
London, England
Dr. Evans' research and writ-ings have been influential in the
field of pharmacogenetics.
Dr. J. Deryl Hart*
A nationally recognized surgeon, Dr. Hart was a professor of
surgery at Duke University, of which institution he later became
president.
Dr. Anna Martta Hietenan-Makela
Menlo Park, California
A specialist in petrology, structural geology, metamorphism, and
metasomatism, Dr. Hietenan-Makela has distinguished herself in
both field and laboratory work. After teaching at both Stanford
University and Oregon State University, she served with the U.S.
Geological Survey.
Dr. Abraham Horowitz
Chevy Chase, Maryland
Dr. Horowitz drafted plans for Chile's national health service,
later becoming its first director general. In 1960 he became
director of the Pan American Health Organization, where he
served with distinction for many years.
Dr. George James*
As deputy commissioner and then commissioner of health with the
New York State Health Department and as a medical educator, Dr.
James contributed greatly through his writings to the fields of
epidemiology and health administration.
Dr. Lawrence C. Kolb
Glenmont, New York
As professor of psychiatry and chairman of psychiatry at Columbia
University, Dr. Kolb made important contributions to his field
both as an investigator and as an administrator.
Dr. Alexander Langmuir
Chilmark, Massachusetts
Dr. Langmuir was the first director of the epidemiology program
of the Communicable Disease Center of the U.S. Public Health
Service (now known as the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention) and later director of the center itself. He has
written extensively on all phases of epidemiology on a global
basis.
Dr. Robert Q. Marston
Gainesville, Florida
Dr. Marston has made notable accomplishments in medical
administration and education, serving as director of the
National Institutes of Health and president of the University of
Florida.
Dr. Chao-Cheng Wang
Houston, Texas
A mathematician of distinction, Dr. Wang has published widely and
with great influence on general continuum mechanics, fluid
crystals, memory principles, elasticity, dislocation theory, wave
propagation, thermodynamics, and other subjects.
Dr. William H. Wriggins
Bronx, New York
Dr. Wriggins has made important contributions to the study of
government within emerging states, notably with his book The
Ruler's Imperative.
Dr. Bernard Becker
St. Louis, Missouri
A leader in American ophthalmology, Dr. Becker is widely known
for his important contributions to understanding the
pathological mechanisms in glaucoma and for his discovery of new
methods of treatment.
Dr. Francis P. Chinard
Montclair, New Jersey
Dr. Chinard has made valuable contributions in renal physiology
and biochemistry, using radioactive metabolites to study a
variety of renal and pulmonary processes important for the
regulation of a constant internal ionic environment.
Dr. Ernest W. Lefever
Chevy Chase, Maryland
Dr. Lefever is generally recognized as a national leader in the
field of foreign policy research, a position evidenced by the
very high quality and wide breadth of his writings.
Dr. Thomas H. Maren
Gainesville, Florida
Dr. Maren has carried out many important pharmaco-logical
investigations on the action of sulfonamides and the ability of
certain compounds to inhibit carbonic anhydrase. This work led
to a series of brilliant investigations of renal physiology.
Dr. Hans J. Morgenthau*
Dr. Morgenthau was an influential scholar of American foreign
policy. Among the universities with which he was associated were
the University of Chicago and City College of New York.
Dr. James E. Perkins*
A prominent epidemiologist, Dr. Perkins received many honors for
his contributions to infectious disease problems, particularly
tuberculosis. He was also active in international health
initiatives.
Dr. Claud S. Rupert
Dallas, Texas
Dr. Rupert was a postdoctoral fellow in biochemistry at the
School of Hygiene and Public Health when he discovered the
photoreacting enzyme. Since that time, he has studied the way in
which that enzyme repairs the damage in DNA induced by
ultraviolet light.
Dr. Fred L. Soper*
Dr. Soper is credited with developing techniques of species
eradication that exterminated a dangerous vector of malaria
threatening all of tropical America. He also developed the
eradication program that eliminated urban yellow fever from the
Americas.
Dr. Heinrich P. Ursprung
Zurich, Switzerland
Truly exceptional in his breadth of knowledge and understanding
of classical embryology and the chemical mechanics involved in
the making of an embryo from an egg, Dr. Ursprung is also a
gifted technician, teacher, and writer.
Dr. George P. Berry*
For many years Dr. Berry was dean of the Harvard University
Medical School, where he established himself as an imaginative
and vigorous leader in American education.
Dr. Miguel Covian
Sao Paulo, Brazil
As professor and head of the Department of Physiology in the
medical school at Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paolo State, Brazil, Dr.
Covian developed one of South America's leading departments of
physiology.
Dr. Gabrielle Donnay*
A crystallographer, Dr. Donnay conducted research that led to the
discovery of several crystal structures.
Dr. Sol Goodgal
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
A professor of microbiology at the University of Pennsylvania,
Dr. Goodgal has made major contributions in the study of genetic
transformation in bacteria.
Dr. John Woodland Hastings
Cambridge, Massachusetts
A professor of biology at Harvard University, Dr. Hastings was
first to detail the function of the enzyme flavin in bacterial
luminescence, and was later able to isolate and crystallize this
enzyme.
Dr. Walter M. Holland
London, England
A professor in the Department of Community Medicine at St.
Thomas' Hospital Medical School in London, Dr. Holland pioneered
research on the effects of chronic bronchitis in infants and
children.
Dr. Emile F. Holman*
Dr. Holman, was a professor of surgery at the Stanford University
Medical School, and made important contributions in the field of
vascular surgery.
Dr. I. Robert Lehman
Stanford, California
Dr. Lehman is a world authority on the biosynthesis, breakdown,
and modification of nucleic acids.
Dr. Jotaro Masuzawa
Kamakura, Japan
One of Japan's leading oceanographers, Dr. Masuzawa has been the
prime investigator of the Kuroshio, the North Pacific counterpart
of the Gulf Stream.
Dr. Alfred R. Shands, Jr.*
Dr. Shands was surgeon-in-chief at the Alfred I. duPont Institute
in Wilmington. His book on orthopedic surgery was a significant
contribution to medical literature.
Dr. George W. Thorn
Boston, Massachusetts
Dr. Thorn, who served as physician-in-chief at the Peter Bent
Brigham Hospital in Boston, initiated the earliest work in human
kidney transplantation.
Dr. Joseph Berkson*
For more than three decades, Dr. Berkson was one of America's
foremost biometricians, enjoying a reputation as an outstanding
scientific innovator, critic, and scholar.
Dr. James Bordley III*
Director of the Mary Imogene Basset Hospital in Cooperstown, New
York, Dr. Bordley contributed significantly to medical research,
primarily in the study of hypertension.
Dr. Edward J.M. Campbell
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Dr. Campbell has made important contributions in respiratory
physiology and the mechanics of breathing.
Dr. Reuben M. Cherniak
Denver, Colorado
Medical director of the National Jewish Hospital in Denver, Dr.
Cherniak is highly regarded for his administrative abilities as
a medical educator and planner.
Dr. Leon E. Farhi
Buffalo, New York
Professor of physiology at State University of New York at
Buffalo, Dr. Farhi has conducted extensive research in
respiratory physiology.
Dr. Ralph Grasbeck
Helsinki, Finland
Dr. Grasbeck is widely recognized for his investigations into the
mechanism of absorption of vitamin B-12 and his pioneering
researches in the causes of pernicious anemia.
Dr. Charles A. Janeway*
Professor of pediatrics at Harvard and physician- in-chief at the
Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston, Dr. Janeway was
widely respected as one of the country's foremost
pediatricians.
Dr. Chester S. Keefer*
Dr. Keefer was noted for his investigations of infectious
diseases and his contributions to the nation's health as a
frequent government adviser.
Dr. William P. Longmire, Jr.
Los Angeles, California
Dr. Longmire pursued a distinguished career in surgery -
including a residency at Hopkins under Dr. Alfred Blalock - and
conducted outstanding research in transplantation biology.
Dr. John L. Lumley
Ithaca, New York
Dr. Lumley has conducted theoretical and experimental research in
the basic study of turbulent flow, and is well known for his
pioneering measurements of turbulence in non-Newtonian
liquids.
Dr. Paul E. Potter
Cincinnati, Ohio
Dr. Potter's creative and original application of statistical
methods to geologic research and his field studies on sandstone
in the Illinois basin have produced a masterful synthesis of
that area's geologic history during late Paleozoic times.
Dr. Anthony G. San Pietro
Bloomington, Indiana
Dr. San Pietro has conducted important research in biochemistry,
especially on photosynthesis, including the isolation of
important organic intermediates in the photosynthetic process.
Dr. Barnes Woodhall*
Known for his investigations of chemotherapy and brain tumors,
Dr. Woodhall was also a leader in medical education.
Dr. Clinton N. Woolsey*
An outstanding neurologist, Dr. Woolsey conducted extensive
research in mapping the cortical sensory areas of the brain.
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